The complex role of B7 molecules in tumor immunology

Abstract

T-cell activation requires the interaction of the T-cell receptor with a cognate major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-peptide complex. Initiated by antigen engagement, the adaptive immune response is orchestrated by a complex balance between stimulatory and inhibitory signals that are predominantly controlled by members of the B7 family. Here, we review the current knowledge on B7 family members concerning their constitutive and regulated expression, modulation of the immune response and their role in the evasion of host immune surveillance. We also discuss recent therapeutic strategies that aim to improve immune-cell recognition of tumors and induce tolerance to autoreactive immune responses in normal tissues by manipulating B7 functions.

Comprehensive molecular profiling of the B7 family of immune-regulatory ligands in breast cancer

“…42 However, almost none of the relevant review articles include BTLA as a B7-H4 receptor. 10,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] Our findings provide additional support for the role of BTLA as a B7-H4 receptor.…”

Molecular Mechanisms of TNFR-associated Factor 6 (TRAF6) Utilization by the Oncogenic Viral Mimic of CD40, Latent Membrane Protein 1 (LMP1)

“…Expression of the important costimulatory molecule CD80 on antigen-presenting cells enhances the activation of naïve T cells (52) and is up-regulated by both CD40 and LMP1 (3,22). Previous studies revealed that CD40 does not require the TRAF6 TRAF-C domain to induce CD80 expression in B cells (29).…”

Evaluation of CTLA-4, CD28 and CD86 Genes Polymorphisms in Acute Renal Allograft Rejection among Tunisian Patients

“…The second signal is provided by the interaction between CD28 on the T cell surface and CD86 (B7-1) or CD80 (B7-2) on the APCs (Alegre et al, 2001;Handa et al, 2005). This co-stimulatory signal leads to clonal-T lymphocytes expansion and differentiation and to cytokines expression (Melichar et al, 2000;Seliger et al, 2008). In fact, the ligation of CD28 and CD3 (a T cell coreceptor) promotes the production of interleukins IL-4 and IL-5 and seems to be unique in its ability to induce very high levels of IL-2 production by prolonging the nuclear residency of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT).…”