The composite N component to gaps in noise

Pratt, Hillel; Bleich, Naomi; Mittelman, Nomi

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2005.08.001

Cited by 55 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Notably, N-Complex amplitudes in our study, using noise segments, were about half those of earlier studies that used continuous noise Pratt et al, 2005). This difference is most probably due to the segmentation of the noise in which the gaps of the present study were embedded.…”

Section: The N-complex To Gapscontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…In one of these studies (Heinrich et al, 2004), dipole source estimation suggested that the bilateral generators of the N 1 were in the superior temporal gyrus near the primary auditory cortex, in general agreement with sources of the double-peaked N 1 to gaps in continuous noise (Pratt et al, 2005). However, the stimulus differences underlying the double-peaked NComplex to gaps in continuous noise Pratt et al, 2005) and the single-peaked N 1 to gaps in short tones Heinrich et al, 2004) will be examined below.…”

Section: N 1 To Speech and Acoustic Temporal Cuesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Because the gaps used in this study were 20 ms, the accompanying P 1 and N-Complex to gaps could not be attributed distinctly to either gap onsets or offsets. However, in our previous study Pratt et al, 2005) longer gaps (e.g., 500 ms) were used such that the N-Complex components to gap onsets and offsets could be separately distinguished: gap onsets evoked a double-peaked N-Complex whereas gap offsets evoked a single-peaked N 1 . The differences in P 1 between gap onset (a diminished P 1 ) and offset are detailed in a separate report (Pratt et al, in preparation).…”

Section: The N-complex To Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a companion study (Pratt et al, 2005), the scalp distribution and generator sources for the two negative potentials to gaps in continuous noise were defined in normal subjects. Waveforms to clicks in pairs and to offsets of long gaps (onsets of noise at the end of the gap) were similar and single-peaked, while potentials to gaps of between 10 ms and up to several 100 ms were double-peaked, consisting of two negativities, approximately 60 ms apart, regardless of gap duration.…”

Section: N 1 To Speech and Acoustic Temporal Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an earlier study, the potentials evoked by onsets of long gaps in noise (sound offset responses) and those to clicks and to onsets of noise (Pratt et al, 2005) were compared. That study revealed two distinct constituents of the N-Complex: N 1a which is similar to the onset responses, and N 1b which is unique to stimulus offset.…”

Section: The N-complex On-and Off-responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The N1 complex to gaps in noise: Effects of preceding noise duration and intensity

Pratt

Starr

Michalewski

et al. 2007

Clinical Neurophysiology

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The N1 complex to gaps in noise: Effects of preceding noise duration and intensity AbstractObjective: To study the effects of duration and intensity of noise that precedes gaps in noise on the N-Complex (N 1a and N 1b ) of EventRelated Potentials (ERPs) to the gaps. Methods: ERPs were recorded from 13 normal subjects in response to 20 ms gaps in 2-4.5 s segments of binaural white noise. Within each segment, the gaps appeared after 500, 1500, 2500 or 4000 ms of noise. Noise intensity was either 75, 60 or 45 dBnHL. Analysis included waveform peak measurements and intracranial source current density estimations, as well as statistical assessment of the effects of pre-gap noise duration and intensity on N 1a and N 1b and their estimated intracranial source activity. Results: The N-Complex was detected at about 100 ms under all stimulus conditions. Latencies of N 1a (at 90 ms) and N 1b (at 150 ms) were significantly affected by duration of the preceding noise. Both their amplitudes and the latency of N 1b were affected by the preceding noise intensity. Source current density was most prominent, under all stimulus conditions, in the vicinity of the temporo-parietal junction, with the first peak (N 1a ) lateralized to the left hemisphere and the second peak (N 1b ) -to the right. Additional sources with lower current density were more anterior, with a single peak spanning the duration of the N-Complex. Conclusions: The N 1a and N 1b of the N-Complex of the ERPs to gaps in noise are affected by both duration and intensity of the pre-gap noise. The minimum noise duration required for the appearance of a double-peaked N-Complex is just under 500 ms, depending on noise intensity. N 1a and N 1b of the N-Complex are generated predominantly in opposite temporo-parietal brain areas: N 1a on the left and N 1b on the right. Significance: Duration and intensity interact to define the dual peaked N-Complex, signaling the cessation of an ongoing sound.

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Section: The N-complex To Gapscontrasting

confidence: 74%

Section: N 1 To Speech and Acoustic Temporal Cuesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: The N-complex To Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: N 1 To Speech and Acoustic Temporal Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The N-complex On-and Off-responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The N1 complex to gaps in noise: Effects of preceding noise duration and intensity

Pratt

Starr

Michalewski

et al. 2007

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Neural adaptation to silence in the human auditory cortex: a magnetoencephalographic study

Okamoto

Kakigi

2014

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionPrevious studies demonstrated that a decrement in the N1m response, a major deflection in the auditory evoked response, with sound repetition was mainly caused by bottom-up driven neural refractory periods following brain activation due to sound stimulations. However, it currently remains unknown whether this decrement occurs with a repetition of silences, which do not induce refractoriness.MethodsIn the present study, we investigated decrements in N1m responses elicited by five repetitive silences in a continuous pure tone and by five repetitive pure tones in silence using magnetoencephalography.ResultsRepetitive sound stimulation differentially affected the N1m decrement in a sound type-dependent manner; while the N1m amplitude decreased from the 1st to the 2nd pure tone and remained constant from the 2nd to the 5th pure tone in silence, a gradual decrement was observed in the N1m amplitude from the 1st to the 5th silence embedded in a continuous pure tone.ConclusionsOur results suggest that neural refractoriness may mainly cause decrements in N1m responses elicited by trains of pure tones in silence, while habituation, which is a form of the implicit learning process, may play an important role in the N1m source strength decrements elicited by successive silences in a continuous pure tone.

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Electrophysiological Functional Imaging of Auditory Processing in Humans

Pratt

2008

Brain Research in Language

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The composite N component to gaps in noise

Cited by 55 publications

References 57 publications

The N1 complex to gaps in noise: Effects of preceding noise duration and intensity

The N1 complex to gaps in noise: Effects of preceding noise duration and intensity

Neural adaptation to silence in the human auditory cortex: a magnetoencephalographic study

Electrophysiological Functional Imaging of Auditory Processing in Humans

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