The composition and biosynthesis of milk lipids

Garton, G. A.

doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)40297-4

Cited by 136 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Although it took some time for the method to become routine for milk fat analysis (James and Martin, 1956), it has become an essential tool for milk fat research (Patton et al 1960;Smith, 1961). A useful illustration of the effect of GLC on understanding milk fat composition is to compare the reviews by Garton (1963) and on fatty acids in milk fat. Whereas Garton (1963) reported ~35 milk fatty acids plus an equal number unidentified, Jensen (2002) reported over 400 fatty acids in milk.…”

Section: The Contribution Of Dietary Fat To Milk Fat Synthesis and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A useful illustration of the effect of GLC on understanding milk fat composition is to compare the reviews by Garton (1963) and on fatty acids in milk fat. Whereas Garton (1963) reported ~35 milk fatty acids plus an equal number unidentified, Jensen (2002) reported over 400 fatty acids in milk.…”

Section: The Contribution Of Dietary Fat To Milk Fat Synthesis and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 100-Year Review: Fat feeding of dairy cows

Palmquist

Jenkins

2017

Journal of Dairy Science

130

113

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Over 100 years, the Journal of Dairy Science has recorded incredible changes in the utilization of fat for dairy cattle. Fat has progressed from nothing more than a contaminant in some protein supplements to a valuable high-energy substitute for cereal grains, a valuable energy source in its own right, and a modifier of cellular metabolism that is under active investigation in the 21st century. Milestones in the use of fats for dairy cattle from 1917 to 2017 result from the combined efforts of noted scientists and industry personnel worldwide, with much of the research published in Journal of Dairy Science. We are humbled to have been asked to contribute to this historical collection of significant developments in fat research over the past 100 years. Our goal is not to detail all the work published as each development moved forward; rather, it is to point out when publication marked a significant change in thinking regarding use of fat supplements. This approach forced omission of critically important names and publications in many journals as ideas moved forward. However, we hope that a description of the major changes in fat feeding during the past 100 years will stimulate reflection on progress in fat research and encourage further perusal of details of significant events.

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Section: The Contribution Of Dietary Fat To Milk Fat Synthesis and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Contribution Of Dietary Fat To Milk Fat Synthesis and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 100-Year Review: Fat feeding of dairy cows

Palmquist

Jenkins

2017

Journal of Dairy Science

130

113

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“…The occurrence of ketostearic acids in milk has been reported since the sixties. 18,19 16-Ketostearic acid (5, 16OSA, Figure 1b) is a representative SOFA identified in the rumen. 19 More recently, 10-ketostearic acid (10OSA) and 8-ketopalmitic acid (8OPA) have been determined in milk by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturated Oxo Fatty Acids (SOFAs): A Previously Unrecognized Class of Endogenous Bioactive Lipids Exhibiting a Cell Growth Inhibitory Activity

et al. 2021

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The discovery of novel bioactive lipids that promote human health is of great importance. Combining “suspect” and targeted lipidomic liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) approaches, a previously unrecognized class of oxidized fatty acids, the saturated oxo fatty acids (SOFAs), which carry the oxo functionality at various positions of the long chain, was identified in human plasma. A library of SOFAs was constructed, applying a simple green photochemical hydroacylation reaction as the key synthetic step. The synthesized SOFAs were studied for their ability to inhibit in vitro the cell growth of three human cancer cell lines. Four oxostearic acids (OSAs) were identified to inhibit the cell growth of human lung carcinoma A549 cells. 6OSA and 7OSA exhibited the highest cell growth inhibitory potency, suppressing the expression of both STAT3 and c-myc, which are critical regulators of cell growth and proliferation. Thus, naturally occurring SOFAs may play a role in the protection of human health.

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“…Milk TAG and glycerophospholipids are synthesized at the endoplasmic reticulum of mammary gland alveolar cells [ 19 ]; they combine to form MFGs of different sizes, which vary with fat content [ 15 ]. FAs are the main constituents of milk TAG and glycerophospholipids, and originate from maternal diet, fat stores, or de novo synthesis [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Roughly 98% of milk FAs are present in TAG; therefore, total milk FA composition reflects milk TAG composition, while only a small portion of FAs are esterified in PLs [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Fatty Acid and Polar Lipid Species Composition of Human Milk

et al. 2021

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Human milk lipids are essential for infant health. However, little is known about the relationship between total milk fatty acid (FA) composition and polar lipid species composition. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the relationship between the FA and polar lipid species composition in human milk, with a focus on differences between milk with higher or lower milk fat content. From the Norwegian Human Milk Study (HUMIS, 2002–2009), a subset of 664 milk samples were analyzed for FA and polar lipid composition. Milk samples did not differ in major FA, phosphatidylcholine, or sphingomyelin species percentages between the highest and lowest quartiles of total FA concentration. However, milk in the highest FA quartile had a lower phospholipid-to-total-FA ratio and a lower sphingomyelin-to-phosphatidylcholine ratio than the lowest quartile. The only FAs associated with total phosphatidylcholine or sphingomyelin were behenic and tridecanoic acids, respectively. Milk FA and phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin species containing these FAs showed modest correlations. Associations of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids with percentages of phosphatidylcholine species carrying these FAs support the conclusion that the availability of these FAs limits the synthesis of phospholipid species containing them.

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The composition and biosynthesis of milk lipids

Cited by 136 publications

References 146 publications

A 100-Year Review: Fat feeding of dairy cows

A 100-Year Review: Fat feeding of dairy cows

Saturated Oxo Fatty Acids (SOFAs): A Previously Unrecognized Class of Endogenous Bioactive Lipids Exhibiting a Cell Growth Inhibitory Activity

Total Fatty Acid and Polar Lipid Species Composition of Human Milk

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