The Composition and Diversity of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities Along an Urban-To-Rural Gradient in South China

Tan, Xiaofeng; Kan, Lei; Su, Zhiyao; Liu, Xiaodong; Zhang, Lu

doi:10.3390/f10090797

Cited by 26 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It has been long recognized that forest types differ greatly in forest traits [18] and thereby can affect ecosystem properties, including soil organic matter [5]. The previous studies of forest traits in relation to soil carbon stocks have focused on some key factors, such as tree canopy [19], diameter at breast height [20,21], litterfall [22][23][24], fine root biomass [25], and herbaceous vegetation [26]. These forest traits affect SOC and other soil properties through direct or indirect pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Urban Forest Types and Traits on Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Beijing

Sun

Hao

et al. 2021

Forests

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Forests can affect soil organic carbon (SOC) quality and distribution through forest types and traits. However, much less is known about the influence of urban forests on SOC, especially in the effects of different forest types, such as coniferous and broadleaved forests. Our objectives were to assess the effects of urban forest types on the variability of SOC content (SOC concentration (SOCC) and SOC density (SOCD)) and determine the key forest traits influencing SOC. Data from 168 urban forest plots of coniferous or broadleaved forests located in the Beijing urban area were used to predict the effects of forest types and traits on SOC in three different soil layers, 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm. The analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were used to test the differences in SOC between forest types or layers. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to explain the influence of forest traits on SOC and select the significant predictors. Our results showed that in urban forests, the SOCC and SOCD values of the coniferous forest group were both significantly higher than those of the broadleaved group. The SOCC of the surface soil was significantly higher than those of the following two deep layers. In PLSR models, 42.07% of the SOCC variance and 35.83% of the SOCD variance were explained by forest traits. Diameter at breast height was selected as the best predictor variable by comparing variable importance in projection (VIP) scores in the models. The results suggest that forest types and traits could be used as an optional approach to assess the organic carbon stock in urban forest soils. This study found substantial effects of urban forest types and traits on soil organic carbon sequestration, which provides important data support for urban forest planning and management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Urban Forest Types and Traits on Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Beijing

Sun

Hao

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…Although, in general, organic mulching did not signi cantly affect the diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities, it increased bacterial community diversity after 6 months. Soil environmental and microphysical factors signi cantly affect the bacterial community, whereas none of these parameters showed a signi cant correlation with the fungal community (Pudasaini et al 2017;Tan et al 2019). Similarly, fungal diversity and rhizosphere soil properties, which include the water content and SOC, were determined to be critical factors affecting bacterial diversity according to the SEM results (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Organic mulching alters the composition, but not the diversity, of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities

Sun

Liao

et al. 2021

Applied Soil Ecology

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Background: Organic mulching is an effective forest management technique that provides carbon and nutrient sources to soil ecosystems, thereby improving the soil environment and promoting plant growth. Although the importance of rhizosphere microbiomes in plant and soil ecosystem functions has been widely recognised, the effect of organic mulching on rhizosphere microorganisms and the underlying mechanisms are unclear.Methods: We performed a eld experiment in a 15-year-old Ligustrum lucidum forest of urban green space. The diversity and composition of the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities following organic mulching were assessed by combining 16S ribosomal RNA and internal transcribed spacer amplicon sequencing. The correlations between microbial diversity, composition, and ne-root traits, as well as rhizosphere soil properties, were also analysed.Results: Organic mulching did not signi cantly affect the diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial or fungal communities.Additionally, organic mulching increased the bacterial diversity after 6 months, with a 20-cm-thick mulch layer showing a greater effect than 5-or 10-cm layers. Organic mulching signi cantly altered the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community composition; after 6 months of mulching, the community compositions were signi cantly associated with neroot traits (speci c root length, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration) and enzyme (urease and dehydrogenase) activity. Moreover, alterations in the bacterial and fungal communities occurred at the order level within each mulching stage. Bacterial diversity is affected by fungal diversity and rhizosphere soil properties (water content and organic carbon) in timedependent manners. Hence, organic mulching appears to directly affect the fungal composition while indirectly affecting the bacterial composition via in uencing rhizosphere soil properties (dissolved organic carbon and peroxidase activity).Conclusions: Organic mulching affects the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community composition through different pathways; however, the underlying mechanisms, including the effects of time and soil layers, require further exploration combined with multi-index measurements and long-term dynamic monitoring.

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“…Bacterial and fungal strains were treated separately: for bacteria, reduced sampling effort was coupled with high-throughput isolation, whereas, for fungi, broader sampling effort was coupled with low-throughput isolation. We thus considered potential differences in the spatial and temporal distribution of diversity, relatively higher for bacteria than for fungi in several ecosystems (e.g., [5,[37][38][39]). A large number of bacterial strains was isolated by infusing and spreading the suspensions obtained from a small number of residue samples (n = 3 sets × 5 pieces) after the first cropping season: a set (W M ) of five pieces of wheat residue from a wheat monoculture plot, a set (W R ) of five pieces of wheat residue from a plot under the wheat-oilseed rape rotation, and a set (O R ) of five pieces of oilseed rape residue from a second plot under the wheat-oilseed rape rotation (Figures 1 and 2).…”

Section: Overall Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Cultivability of Bacteria and Fungi from Arable Crop Residues Using Metabarcoding Data as a Reference

et al. 2021

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This study combined culture-dependent (strain isolation plus molecular identification) and culture-independent (metabarcoding) approaches to characterize the diversity of microbiota on wheat and oilseed rape residues. The goal was to develop a methodology to culture microorganisms with the aim of being able to establish synthetic crop residue microbial communities for further study, i.e., testing potential interactions within these communities and characterizing groups of beneficial taxa that could be used as biological control agents against plant pathogens. We generated community-based culture collections. We adapted the isolation strategy to the potential differences in the spatial and temporal distribution of diversity between bacteria and fungi. We performed (i) a high-throughput isolation from few samples with no a priori for bacteria and (ii) a low-throughput isolation from several samples with a priori—i.e., morphotype selection—for fungi. Although isolation using a single medium did not allow us to characterize the microbiome as precisely as metabarcoding, the bacterial diversity (158 ASVs, 36 genera) was relatively higher than the fungal diversity (131 ASVs, 17 genera) known to be limited by competition for growth on non-selective solid media. Isolation and metabarcoding provided consistent and complementary information: they revealed several common but also specific ASVs, leading to close microbial community profiles of the most abundant fungal and bacterial taxa in residues. Finally, by empirically comparing the different profiles, we assessed the cultivability of the most abundant fungal and bacterial taxa obtained in metabarcoding.

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The Composition and Diversity of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities Along an Urban-To-Rural Gradient in South China

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of Urban Forest Types and Traits on Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Beijing

Effects of Urban Forest Types and Traits on Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Beijing

Organic mulching alters the composition, but not the diversity, of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities

Assessing the Cultivability of Bacteria and Fungi from Arable Crop Residues Using Metabarcoding Data as a Reference

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