The Concentration of Serum Unconjugated. Estradiol, Estriol and Estetrol in Pregnant Women, and the Significance of These Hormones in Pregnancy

Muraguchi, Kiyo; Takahashi, Katsuyuki; Suzuki, Masakuni; Ikeno, N

doi:10.1507/endocrine1927.57.7_974

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This implied significancy of estriol in evaluating placental and fetal growth as reported by Muraguchi et al [19]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…These sex hormones are synthesized in placental tissue during gestation [5], and cholesterol is the precursor of both. Muraguchi et al have reported that estradiol indicates placental function, whereas estriol indicates placental and fetal function [19]. Zhu et al have reported that progestin inhibits the antioxidant effect of estradiol in the absence and presence of aortic endothelial cell culture [17, 18] and that this effect is similar to that observed in trophoblastic cell cultures [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Levels of Oxidized LDL, Estrogens, and Progesterone in Placenta Tissues and Serum Paraoxonase Activity in Preeclampsia

Açıkgöz

Bayar²,

Çan³

et al. 2013

Mediators of Inflammation

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In vitro literature studies have suggested that atherosclerotic oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) inhibits trophoblast invasion. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of OxLDL and to examine the relationship between antioxidative estradiol, estriol, and prooxidative progestin in normal and preeclamptic placental tissues and measure the serum activity of antioxidative paraoxonase (PON1). The study included 30 preeclamptic and 32 normal pregnant women. OxLDL was determined with ELISA, estradiol, unconjugated estriol, and progesterone that were determined with chemiluminescence method in placental tissues. Serum PON1 activity was determined with spectrophotometric method. Levels of OxLDL (P = 0.027), estriol (P < 0.001), estradiol (P = 0.008), and progesterone (P = 0.009) were lower in the placental tissues of preeclamptic group compared to the normal pregnant women. Serum PON1 activity was higher in preeclamptic group (P = 0.040) and preeclamptic group without intrauterine growth restriction (P = 0.008) compared to normal pregnant women. Tissue estriol of preeclamptic group without/with IUGR (P < 0.001, P = 0.002) was lower than the normal group. Results of our study suggest that the events leading to fetoplacental insufficiency lead to a reduction in the levels of estriol limit deposition of OxLDL in placental tissues. The serum PON1 activity is probably important in the inhibition of OxLDL in preeclampsia.

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“…This implied significancy of estriol in evaluating placental and fetal growth as reported by Muraguchi et al [19]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Levels of Oxidized LDL, Estrogens, and Progesterone in Placenta Tissues and Serum Paraoxonase Activity in Preeclampsia

Açıkgöz

Bayar²,

Çan³

et al. 2013

Mediators of Inflammation

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show abstract

“…Another study concluded altered adrenocortical function and reduced estriol levels in IUGR infants [34]. It has been suggested that E2 and E3 levels are normally restored in normal pregnancies but in IUGR, E2 levels get decreased which indicate decreased placental functioning [35]. Progesterone is a potent vasodilator as well as muscle relaxant and its concentration increases with pregnancy.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): a review

Verma¹,

Chaudhary²

2016

J. Biomed. Sci.

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Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is defined as the inability of a fetus to gain the normal growth potential due to maternal-placental-fetal factors. These factors mainly involve metabolic disorders, infections, substance abuse and exposure to harmful substances. Incidence of IUGR is higher in developing countries. Proper diagnosis at suitable time is necessary for proper treatment and management. Although, the mechanism is not clear but oxidative stress, immunological factors, aryl hydrocarbon receptor and adduct formation are some pathways which are involved in IUGR. The aftermaths of IUGR involves post-birth complications, perinatal mortality and morbidity. Therefore, management and treatment involves use of both pharmacological (Tocolytics, Corticosteroids, antibiotics) and non-pharmacological methods (bed rest, cerclage). This review highlights the possible risk factors, mechanisms, other biochemical pathways involved, as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of IUGR.Journal of Biomedical Sciences. 2015;2(4):31-37

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Biochemical tests of placental function versus ultrasound assessment of fetal size for stillbirth and small-for-gestational-age infants

Heazell

Hayes

Whitworth

et al. 2019

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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The Concentration of Serum Unconjugated. Estradiol, Estriol and Estetrol in Pregnant Women, and the Significance of These Hormones in Pregnancy

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Levels of Oxidized LDL, Estrogens, and Progesterone in Placenta Tissues and Serum Paraoxonase Activity in Preeclampsia

Levels of Oxidized LDL, Estrogens, and Progesterone in Placenta Tissues and Serum Paraoxonase Activity in Preeclampsia

Understanding intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): a review

Biochemical tests of placental function versus ultrasound assessment of fetal size for stillbirth and small-for-gestational-age infants

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