The Confusion of Fear and Surprise: A Developmental Study of the Perceptual-Attentional Limitation Hypothesis Using Eye Movements

Roy-Charland, Annie; Perron, Mélanie; Young, Cheryl D.; Boulard, Jessica; Chamberland, Justin

doi:10.1080/00221325.2015.1066301

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hit rates were once again observed to improve with longer expression display times (all p < .001; see Table 1 and Figure 2), and fear expressions were properly labeled at rates above chance with both the 67 and 500 ms display times. However, inconsistent with prior literature (Chamberland et al, 2017;Gagnon et al, 2010;Gosselin et al, 1995;Gosselin & Simard, 1999;Jack et al, 2009; Roy-Charland et al, 2014, 2015, fear expressions were not confused with "surprise" after corrections for multiple comparisons.…”

Section: Fear Expressionscontrasting

confidence: 80%

Effects of forward mask duration variability on the temporal dynamics of brief facial expression categorization

Chamberland

Collin

2023

i-Perception

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Japanese and Caucasian Brief Affect Recognition Task (JACBART) has been proposed as a standardized method for measuring people's ability to accurately categorize briefly presented images of facial expressions. However, the factors that impact performance in this task are not entirely understood. The current study sought to explore the role of the forward mask's duration (i.e., fixed vs. variable) in brief affect categorization across expressions of the six basic emotions (i.e., anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise) and three presentation times (i.e., 17, 67, and 500 ms). Current findings do not demonstrate evidence that a variable duration forward mask negatively impacts brief affect categorization. However, efficiency and necessity thresholds were observed to vary across the expressions of emotion. Further exploration of the temporal dynamics of facial affect categorization will therefore require a consideration of these differences.

show abstract

Section: Fear Expressionscontrasting

confidence: 80%

Effects of forward mask duration variability on the temporal dynamics of brief facial expression categorization

Chamberland

Collin

2023

i-Perception

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, in our case, fear was mostly confused with surprise. The difficulty in distinguishing between fear and surprise is in fact supported by the literature on adults’ and children’s recognition of these emotions, and in most cases this challenge is attributed to people’s limited attention to the position of the eyebrows, which is a key in distinguishing between these emotions [ 58 ] (and being an animal-like robot, Miro does not possess eyebrows).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Zoomorphic Miro Robot’s Affective Expression Design and Perceived Appearance

Ghafurian

Lakatos

Dautenhahn

2022

Int J of Soc Robotics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article proposes design guidelines for 11 affective expressions for the Miro robot, and evaluates the expressions through an online video study with 116 participants. All expressions were recognized significantly above the chance level. For six of the expressions, the correct response was selected significantly more than the others, while more than one emotion was associated to some other expressions. Design decisions and the robot’s limitations that led to selecting other expressions, along with the correct expression, are discussed. We also investigated how participants’ abilities to recognize human and animal emotions, their tendency to anthropomorphize, and their familiarity with and attitudes towards animals and pets might have influenced the recognition of the robot’s affective expressions. Results show significant impact of human emotion recognition, difficulty in understanding animal emotions, and anthropomorphism tendency on recognition of Robot’s expressions. We did not find such effects regarding familiarity with/attitudes towards animals/pets in terms of how they influenced participants’ recognition of the designed affective expressions. We further studied how the robot is perceived in general and showed that it is mostly perceived to be gender neutral, and, while it is often associated with a dog or a rabbit, it can also be perceived as a variety of other animals.

show abstract

“…In attempts to explain the differences in the judgment of authenticity and recognition of negative emotions in masking smiles, researchers have called upon the perceptual-attentional limitation hypothesis. This hypothesis posits that the accurate judgment of these expressions relies on the ability to attend to and perceive the necessary cues that distinguish the various expressions from each other [ 7 , 41 , 48 , 49 ]. In other words, if the judgment of authenticity and recognition of negative emotions in masking smile expressions relied on perceptual-attentional processing, greater accuracy would have been expected to be associated with increased attention to the area of the face containing the trace of the negative emotion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background While some research indicates that individuals can accurately judge smile authenticity of enjoyment and masking smile expressions, other research suggest modest judgment rates of masking smiles. The current study explored the role of emotion-related individual differences in the judgment of authenticity and recognition of negative emotions in enjoyment and masking smile expressions as a potential explanation for the differences observed. Methods Specifically, Experiment 1 investigated the role of emotion contagion (Doherty in J Nonverbal Behav 21:131–154, 1997), emotion intelligence (Schutte et al. in Personality Individ Differ 25:167–177, 1998), and emotion regulation (Gratz and Roemer in J Psychopathol Behav Assess 26:41–54, 2004) in smile authenticity judgment and recognition of negative emotions in masking smiles. Experiment 2 investigated the role of state and trait anxiety (Spielberger et al. in Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, 1983) in smile authenticity judgment and recognition of negative emotions in the same masking smiles. In both experiments, repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted for judgment of authenticity, probability of producing the expected response, for the detection of another emotion, and for emotion recognition. A series of correlations were also calculated between the proportion of expected responses of smile judgement and the scores on the different subscales. Results Results of the smile judgment and recognition tasks were replicated in both studies, and echoed results from prior studies of masking smile judgment: participants rated enjoyment smiles as happier than the masking smiles and, of the masking smiles, participants responded “really happy” more often for the angry-eyes masking smiles and more often categorized fear masking smiles as “not really happy”. Conclusions Overall, while the emotion-related individual differences used in our study seem to have an impact on recognition of basic emotions in the literature, our study suggest that these traits, except for emotional awareness, do not predict performances on the judgment of complex expressions such as masking smiles. These results provide further information regarding the factors that do and do not contribute to greater judgment of smile authenticity and recognition of negative emotions in masking smiles.

show abstract

The Confusion of Fear and Surprise: A Developmental Study of the Perceptual-Attentional Limitation Hypothesis Using Eye Movements

Cited by 14 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of forward mask duration variability on the temporal dynamics of brief facial expression categorization

Effects of forward mask duration variability on the temporal dynamics of brief facial expression categorization

The Zoomorphic Miro Robot’s Affective Expression Design and Perceived Appearance

The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About