The connections between childhood sexual abuse and human immunodeficiency virus infection: Implications for interventions

Tarakeshwar, Nalini; Fox, Ashley; Ferro, Carol; Khawaja, Shazia; Kochman, Arlene; Sikkema, Kathleen J.

doi:10.1002/jcop.20077

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In qualitative interviews, women who were HIV positive and who had been sexually abused as children reported that the effects of CSA included: being unable to trust others, making it difficult to form healthy intimate relationships; using substances to cope with the sequelae of CSA; using sex to get men's approval or to have power over men; and isolating themselves from others so they would not get hurt again (Tarakeshwar et al, 2005). When questioned about a possible link between CSA and HIV infection, women reported feeling men were only interested in them for sex, and a fear of men that led to difficulties in refusing sex or unprotected sex (Tarakeshwar et al, 2005).…”

Section: Csa and Subsequent Sexual Risk Behavior: Suggestions For Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When questioned about a possible link between CSA and HIV infection, women reported feeling men were only interested in them for sex, and a fear of men that led to difficulties in refusing sex or unprotected sex (Tarakeshwar et al, 2005). These variables merit further investigation as possible mediators of the relation between CSA and later sexual behavior.…”

Section: Csa and Subsequent Sexual Risk Behavior: Suggestions For Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because they could not control the sexual situation as children, they may lack the skills and the self-efficacy to manage sexual situations as adults, through talking to a partner about abstaining, using a condom, or other safer sex options. CSA has been associated with lower condom use or birth control self-efficacy (Brown, Kessel, Lourie, Ford, & Lipsitt, 1997;Brown et al, 2000;Noll et al, 2003), less assertiveness to refuse sex (Johnsen & Harlow, 1996), and lower scores on a sexual role play activity (Brown et al, 1997).In qualitative interviews, women who were HIV positive and who had been sexually abused as children reported that the effects of CSA included: being unable to trust others, making it difficult to form healthy intimate relationships; using substances to cope with the sequelae of CSA; using sex to get men's approval or to have power over men; and isolating themselves from others so they would not get hurt again (Tarakeshwar et al, 2005). When questioned about a possible link between CSA and HIV infection, women reported feeling men were only interested in them for sex, and a fear of men that led to difficulties in refusing sex or unprotected sex (Tarakeshwar et al, 2005).…”

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Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and subsequent sexual risk behavior: Evidence from controlled studies, methodological critique, and suggestions for research

Senn¹,

Carey²,

Vanable³

2008

Clinical Psychology Review

290

309

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Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with a wide variety of adverse psychological and health outcomes, including negative sexual health outcomes. In this paper, we review the literature investigating the relation between CSA and subsequent sexual risk behaviors among men and women. Previous research has found a relatively consistent association between CSA and higher rates of sexual risk behaviors, particularly sex trading, more sexual partners, and an earlier age of first intercourse. However, there are a number of limitations to this research, including lack of a consistent definition of CSA, failure to investigate gender as a moderator, and possible confounding of the CSA experience with some of the sexual behavior outcome variables. Further, although there appears to be an association between CSA and later sexual risk behavior, researchers have not established whether this association is causal. Suggestions for future research and implications for clinical practice are discussed.The association between childhood and adolescent sexual abuse (CSA) and adverse psychological functioning has been well-documented, in both literature reviews (e.g., Beitchman, Zucker, Hood, daCosta, & Akman, 1991;Beitchman et al., 1992) and metaanalyses (e.g., Jumper, 1995;Paolucci, Genuis, & Violato, 2001). Recently, researchers have also documented an association between CSA and adverse health outcomes, including sexual health outcomes (e.g., Bartholow et al., 1994;Senn, Carey, Vanable, Coury-Doniger, & Urban, 2006). However, few systematic reviews of this literature have been undertaken. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to review the literature investigating the relation between CSA and subsequent sexual risk behavior, and to provide researchers with directions for future studies in this area. In this paper, we first review how CSA has been defined, and then review measures used to assess CSA. Next, we briefly summarize the mental health outcomes of CSA. The bulk of the paper examines findings from previous studies investigating the association between CSA and subsequent sexual behavior. Finally, we conclude by suggesting directions for future studies, and discussing practice implications. Definition of CSAThe definition of CSA has varied widely across studies. First, researchers have used different age criteria for "childhood sexual abuse." Often, this term is used to refer to sexual abuse that Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptClin Psychol Rev. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 June 1. NIH-PA Author M...

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Section: Csa and Subsequent Sexual Risk Behavior: Suggestions For Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Csa and Subsequent Sexual Risk Behavior: Suggestions For Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and subsequent sexual risk behavior: Evidence from controlled studies, methodological critique, and suggestions for research

Senn¹,

Carey²,

Vanable³

2008

Clinical Psychology Review

290

309

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“…For example, a qualitative study of women with sexual abuse histories included reports that consideration of disclosure of abuse was associated with feelings of powerlessness, fears of additional victimization ensuing, and thoughts related to their own responsibility (self blame) for the abuse. 31 Similar to the difficulty of disclosing abuse status, women with abuse histories may have fears or difficulty disclosing their HIV status to partners. This hypothesis is underscored by the fact that discomfort with intimacy, and avoidance of intimacy have also been described in HIV positive women with abuse histories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies and Outcomes of HIV Status Disclosure in HIV-Positive Young Women with Abuse Histories

Clum

Czaplicki

Andrinopoulos

et al. 2013

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Young women with HIV and histories of physical and/or sexual abuse in childhood may be vulnerable to difficulties with disclosure to sexual partners. Abuse in childhood is highly prevalent in HIV-positive women, and has been associated with poorer communication, low assertiveness, low self worth, and increased risk for sexual and other risk behaviors that increase the risk of secondary transmission of HIV. HIV disclosure may be an important link between abuse and sexual risk behaviors. Qualitative interviews with 40 HIV-positive young women with childhood physical and/or sexual abuse were conducted; some women had also experienced adult victimization. Results suggest that HIV-positive women with abuse histories use a host of strategies to deal with disclosure of HIV status, including delaying disclosure, assessing hypothetical responses of partners, and determining appropriate stages in a relationship to disclose. Stigma was an important theme related to disclosure. We discuss how these disclosure processes impact sexual behavior and relationships and discuss intervention opportunities based on our findings.

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“…Eating disorders, closely correlated with sexual abuse, is a mental health difficulty with severe physical consequences. Unprotected sex, sexually risky behaviors, and prostitution have their etiology in sexual abuse trauma (Tarakeshwar, Fox, Ferro, Khawaja, Kochman, Sikkema, 2005). Self-injurious behavior such as skin carving has long been thought to alleviate some of the internal stress experienced by CSA survivors.…”

Section: Health Risk Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adult Physical and Dental Health Outcomes

Monahan¹,

Forgash²

2012

Sexual Abuse - Breaking the Silence

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The connections between childhood sexual abuse and human immunodeficiency virus infection: Implications for interventions

Abstract: A qualitative study was conducted with 28 women who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-

Cited by 14 publications

References 55 publications

Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and subsequent sexual risk behavior: Evidence from controlled studies, methodological critique, and suggestions for research

Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and subsequent sexual risk behavior: Evidence from controlled studies, methodological critique, and suggestions for research

Strategies and Outcomes of HIV Status Disclosure in HIV-Positive Young Women with Abuse Histories

Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adult Physical and Dental Health Outcomes

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