The Content Of Chlorophyll And Nutrients In Apple Leaves Depending On Long-Term Fertiliser

Abstract

An indicator of the condition of plants, depending on the growing conditions, is the state of their leaf apparatus, which is described by the content of chlorophyll and nutrients in the leaf. The leaf of an apple-tree provides synthesis of organic substances, productivity of fruit trees depends on features of its vital activity. As a method of diagnosing the mineral nutrition of fruit crops, the chemical analysis of the leaves is important, the indicators of which reflect the levels of plant nutrients. The results of studies of chlorophyll content and nutrients in the leaves of apple trees of Calville Blanc d'hiver on seed and Idared on seed and vegetative M4 rootstocks in re-grown plantations on mineral nutrition, created by long-term (over 86 years) application of various systems of comfort podzolized soil. Longterm use of organic and organo-mineral fertiliser systems contributed to an increase in chlorophyll content (a+b) in the leaves of Idared apple trees on seed and clone M4 rootstocks and Calville Blanc d'hiver on seed rootstock at different age periods of growth and fructification, which conditioned their further productivity. The content of macronutrients in the leaves of the studied cultivar combinations depended on the age of plantations and fertiliser options. In the most productive period of fructification in the leaves of Idared trees on seed and vegetative rootstocks, the nitrogen content in the areas of fertiliser options was within optimal limits. Among the studied rootstocks in the variant without fertilisers, the highest nitrogen content in the leaves was described by trees on the seed rootstock. In the leaf of the Calville Blanc d'hiver variety, the nitrogen content on the seed rootstocks in the studied variants was within the optimal range, and among the fertiliser variants the highest was for the application of mineral fertilisers. The content of phosphorus and potassium in the leaves of the trees of the studied rootstock combinations in the areas of fertiliser variants was within optimal limits

Features of the Assimilation Surface of Sweet Cherry Trees of Different Ripening Terms

“…The cultivars with a pyramidal crown showed better results: vigorous cultivar Mliivska zhovta and medium-grown cultivar Mirazh as well as weak-grown cultivars Melitopolska krapchasta (a wide pyramidal crown) and Meotida (a drooping crown). Kishchak et al [2020], Yakovenko et al [2021]; Havrylіuk et al [2019] and other researchers state that the optimal level of the use of the land area by fruit trees is 70%. So, only some sweet cherry cultivars, which were studied, used the nutrition area, meant by a planting scheme for them, to its full capacity.…”

“…In this respect, foliage, the area of a leaf blade and the gross surface density of the leaves are of great importance Shubenko, 2020]. It is supposed that an optimal area of a leaf blade is to be 40-50 th m 2 /ha for intensive plantations [Yakovenko et al, 2021]. Some data proves that for some grain species the leaf area which is larger than 20-25 th.…”

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Tree Growth and Mineral Content in Soil and Cherry Leaves (<em>Prunus cerasus</em> L.)

“…Long-term studies conducted on apple trees have given different results. The highest values were found in the first 6 years of intensive growth, and in subsequent periods the overall level of chlorophyll decreased [82]. Studies of the amount of pigments contained in the assimilation apparatus of Scots pine (Pinus silvestris L) showed a clear increase in their content with the age of the needles and a decrease with increasing age of trees [83].…”