The contribution of fish and seaweed mariculture to the coastal fluxes of biogenic elements in two important aquaculture areas, China

Xiong, Yonglong; Gao, Lin; Qu, Liyin; Xu, Juntian; Ma, Zengling; Gao, Guang

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159056

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The nutrient load from fish farms was calculated according to Xiong et al. (2022) and that from prawn and crab farms was calculated according to the N and P budget (Ban, 2015). The total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads were used to calculate the molar N:P each year for riverine and mariculture inputs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift in algal blooms from micro‐ to macroalgae around China with increasing eutrophication and climate change

Feng,

Xiong,

Hall‐Spencer

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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Blooms of microalgal red tides and macroalgae (e.g., green and golden tides caused by Ulva and Sargassum) have caused widespread problems around China in recent years, but there is uncertainty around what triggers these blooms and how they interact. Here, we use 30 years of monitoring data to help answer these questions, focusing on the four main species of microalgae Prorocentrum donghaiense, Karenia mikimotoi, Noctiluca scintillans, and Skeletonema costatum) associated with red tides in the region. The frequency of red tides increased from 1991 to 2003 and then decreased until 2020, with S. costatum red tides exhibiting the highest rate of decrease. Green tides started to occur around China in 1999 and the frequency of green tides has since been on the increase. Golden tides were first reported to occur around China in 2012. The frequency of macroalgal blooms has a negative linear relationship with the frequency and coverage of red tides around China, and a positive correlation with total nitrogen and phosphorus loads as well as with atmospheric CO2 and sea surface temperature (SST). Increased outbreaks of macroalgal blooms are very likely due to worsening levels of eutrophication, combined with rising CO2 and SST, which contribute to the reduced frequency of red tides. The increasing grazing rate of microzooplankton also results in the decline in areas affected by red tides. This study shows a clear shift of algal blooms from microalgae to macroalgae around China over the past 30 years driven by the combination of eutrophication, climate change, and grazing stress, indicating a fundamental change in coastal systems in the region.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift in algal blooms from micro‐ to macroalgae around China with increasing eutrophication and climate change

Feng,

Xiong,

Hall‐Spencer

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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“…Owing to the growing global demand for seafood, the scale of mariculture has expanded rapidly in recent decades, and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) predicts that this growth will continue (FAO, 2020). Studies have shown that mariculture may have significant environmental impacts that are closely related to the type of mariculture employed (Zhang et al, 2022;Xiong et al, 2023). Two generally accepted views are that fed culture (i.e., cages and ponds) releases N and P (Wang et al, 2012;Bannister et al, 2016;Carballeira et al, 2018), and photosynthetic seaweed may act as a nutrient sink (Xiao et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mariculture may intensify eutrophication but lower N/P ratios: a case study based on nutrients and dual nitrate isotope measurements in Sansha Bay, southeastern China

Bu,

Zhu,

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The mariculture industry has grown rapidly worldwide over the past few decades. The industry helps meet growing food demands and may provide an effective means of carbon sequestration; however, it may harm the marine ecological environment, and the extent of its impact depends on the type of mariculture. Here we focus on the impact of mariculture on the nutrient status and eutrophication in Sansha Bay, which is a typical aquaculture harbor in southeastern China that employs a combination of shellfish and seaweed farming. Nutrient concentrations and dual nitrate isotopes were measured in Sansha Bay during the winter of 2021. The average concentrations of nitrate and phosphate were 31.3 ± 10.5 and 2.26 ± 0.84 µM, respectively, indicating that the water was in a eutrophic state. However, the N/P ratios were relatively low (14.3 ± 2.2). Nitrate isotope measurements were 8.8‰–11.9‰ for δ15N-NO3− and 2.2‰–6.0‰ for δ18O-NO3−. Source analysis based on the nitrate isotope measurements indicates that nitrate in Sansha Bay is derived mainly from the excretion of organisms and sewage discharge from mariculture. The isotopic fractionation model of nitrate assimilation by organisms indicates that surface waters in Sansha Bay experience strong biological uptake of nitrate, which is likely related to seaweed farming in winter. The low N/P ratios may be attributed to excessive nitrogen uptake (relative to phosphorus) during shellfish and seaweed farming, as well as nitrogen removal through sediment denitrification, which is fueled by the sinking of particulate organic matter from mariculture. Overall, our study shows that mariculture activities dominated by shellfish and seaweed cultivation in Sansha Bay may exacerbate eutrophication but reduce N/P ratios in the water column in aquaculture areas.

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“…Under the context of global warming, coastal eutrophication caused by human activities cannot be ignored. With the rapid development of mariculture in recent years, the contents of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the coastal ecosystem have increased [26]. Eutrophication has been shown to be caused by the excessive availability of organic nutrients, which is one of the major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functions in the global oceanic environment [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Temperature and Nitrogen Enrichment Inhibit the Growth of the Golden Tide Blooming Macroalgae Sargassum horneri in the Yellow Sea, China

Li¹,

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

JMSE

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The golden tide, a large biomass bloom of the brown macroalgae Sargassum horneri, occurs yearly in the Yellow Sea, where it causes enormous economic and ecologic losses. To investigate the response of S. horneri to global warming and eutrophication, S. horneri was cultured under six conditions of varying temperature combinations (20 and 24 °C) and nitrogen levels (5, 30, and 300 μM). The growth, photosynthetic performance, pigment content, and contents of soluble protein were assessed. The growth of S. horneri followed an increasing trend with increasing N concentration at ambient temperature. Elevated temperatures had an inhibitory effect on growth and photosynthesis in S. horneri, which was further enhanced by eutrophication. This suggests that in the globally warming environment of the future, eutrophication may reduce the frequency and scale of gold tide outbreaks during the hot season.

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The contribution of fish and seaweed mariculture to the coastal fluxes of biogenic elements in two important aquaculture areas, China

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Shift in algal blooms from micro‐ to macroalgae around China with increasing eutrophication and climate change

Shift in algal blooms from micro‐ to macroalgae around China with increasing eutrophication and climate change

Mariculture may intensify eutrophication but lower N/P ratios: a case study based on nutrients and dual nitrate isotope measurements in Sansha Bay, southeastern China

Increased Temperature and Nitrogen Enrichment Inhibit the Growth of the Golden Tide Blooming Macroalgae Sargassum horneri in the Yellow Sea, China

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