The Contribution of Non—Insulin-Dependent Diabetes to Lower-Extremity Amputation in the Community

Abstract

These population-based data document the magnitude of the elevated risk of lower-extremity amputation among diabetic individuals. Efforts should be made to identify more precisely risk factors for amputation in diabetes and to intervene in the processes leading to amputation.

Direct Medical Costs of Complications Resulting From Type 2 Diabetes in Hie U.S.

“…For this study, an LEA is defined as one performed below the hip, as described in the Rochester (MN) Epidemiology Project (38). Although acute care inpatient costs were calculated for specific types of amputations through use of ICD-9 codes, other resource-use data for services, such as subsequent (postacute inpatient) care or prosthetic costs, are not reported at this level of detail in the literature.…”

Pedal Bypass for Limb Salvage: Impact of Diabetes on Long-Term Outcome

“…1 Compared to patients without diabetes, non-insulindependent diabetic patients have a 17-fold increase in the risk of major amputation. 2 The durability of popliteal or tibial arterial reconstructions in diabetic patients has been well established. [3][4][5] These series have identified that diabetic patients can expect similar or improved graft patency or limb salvage rates compared to those of nondiabetics.…”

Reducing the incidence of foot ulceration and amputation in diabetes

“…According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the age-adjusted incidence of lower-extremity amputations in the United States in 2001 was 5.5 per 1000 [15]. To illustrate the variation among regions and racial groups within the United States, the incidence of amputations in Pima Indians living in the United States with diabetes is reported at 13.7 per 1000 [16], whereas other US studies report incidence rates of 4.9 per 1000 in California [17], 3.8 per 1000 in Rochester, MN [18], and 12% in Mexican-American elders [19]. In other countries, incidence rates have been reported as 3.6 per 1000 in the Netherlands [17] and 2.1 per 1000 in Germany [20].…”