The Contribution of Renewable Energies to a Sustainable Energy Economy

Müller‐Steinhagen, Hans; Nitsch, Joachim

doi:10.1205/psep.05084

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In comparison with most other electricity generating technologies, the energy payback time of CSP plants is short, i.e. about 6-12 months of an assumed lifetime of 30 years [5]. The cumulative non-renewable primary energy needed to produce 1 kWh of electricity is about 0.05 kWh which is about half of that of wind, and a factor of 30-60 lower than for fossil fuel fired plants [6].…”

Section: Basic Technology Of Solar Thermal Power Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrating solar thermal power

Müller‐Steinhagen

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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In addition to wind and photovoltaic power, concentrating solar thermal power (CSP) will make a major contribution to electricity provision from renewable energies. Drawing on almost 30 years of operational experience in the multi-megawatt range, CSP is now a proven technology with a reliable cost and performance record. In conjunction with thermal energy storage, electricity can be provided according to demand. To date, solar thermal power plants with a total capacity of 1.3 GW are in operation worldwide, with an additional 2.3 GW under construction and 31.7 GW in advanced planning stage. Depending on the concentration factors, temperatures up to 1000 ° C can be reached to produce saturated or superheated steam for steam turbine cycles or compressed hot gas for gas turbine cycles. The heat rejected from these thermodynamic cycles can be used for sea water desalination, process heat and centralized provision of chilled water. While electricity generation from CSP plants is still more expensive than from wind turbines or photovoltaic panels, its independence from fluctuations and daily variation of wind speed and solar radiation provides it with a higher value. To become competitive with mid-load electricity from conventional power plants within the next 10–15 years, mass production of components, increased plant size and planning/operating experience will be accompanied by technological innovations. On 30 October 2009, a number of major industrial companies joined forces to establish the so-called DESERTEC Industry Initiative, which aims at providing by 2050 15 per cent of European electricity from renewable energy sources in North Africa, while at the same time securing energy, water, income and employment for this region. Solar thermal power plants are in the heart of this concept.

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Section: Basic Technology Of Solar Thermal Power Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrating solar thermal power

Müller‐Steinhagen

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…The parameters k and X r were determined using least squares regression. When this model proved unsuitable for modeling sintering over the first 40 cycles (as in the case of P-CaO-Al20 and limestone, referred to as Comm-CaCO 3 ), a semi-empirical model from Valverde et al (2017) was used to determine the number of sorbent replacements required over the whole life of a CSP plant [assumed to be 30 years (Steinhagen and Nitsch, 2005)]; i.e., X…”

Section: Sintering Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysprosium Oxide-Supported CaO for Thermochemical Energy Storage

et al. 2021

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A novel CaO-based material supported with Ca3Al2O6 and Dy2O3 was found to show excellent performance as a thermochemical energy storage material for use in solar thermal power plants. It retains a carbonation conversion capacity of 82.7% for a period of 40 cycles, as well as exothermic heats of reaction of 582.2 kJ kg−1, up to seven times greater than other materials found in the literature. The improved performance was attributed to the greater prevention of sintering and retention of high surface area by the addition of two inert supports: Ca3Al2O6 and Dy2O3. Long-term effectiveness of the novel material was also evaluated by using a sintering model. It retains an energy storage utilization of 6.2 kg kWh−1 after 30 years of cycling, while commercial limestone would require 81 tons kWh−1 equivalent. Limestone requires replacement every six thermal cycles, making it impractical for real thermochemical energy storage implementation. The extra cost associated with the addition of supports in this CaO-based material is justified by the long-term durability, which would imply a reduction in the overall capital and operational expenditure of the plant.

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“…(Sources: Mariyappan and Anderson 2002, Müller-Steinhagen and Nitsch 2005, Mills and Dey 2001 Libya could replace all GMR water pumping and all desalination energy with solarthermal. Libya would then become the biggest seller of sustainable electrical power to Europe in perpetuity.…”

Section: Libya's Solar-thermal Export Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Libya could become environmentally sustainable

Goodland¹

2008

Libyan stud.

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The main factors to be tackled if environmental sustainability becomes Libya's national goal are: first, to base desalination and pumping on renewable energy (e.g., solar, wind); second, to invest oil receipts to export solar electricity; and third, to achieve these two before oil or water are depleted. Because water is paramount for sustainability and economic development, if pumping fossil water and desalination become based on renewable energy, then low-cost freshwater can become the basis for sustainability. As Libya is so well placed to generate solar electricity, the most sustainable choice is to accelerate the transition to renewables before international climate treaties force coal and, later, oil to be left unused in the ground. Libya could lead in making Europe carbonneutral through massive exports of solar electricity. This would be highly profitable for Libya and at the same time would help achieve sustainability. Quasi-sustainability of non-renewable resources (e.g., oil) could be achieved by investing oil receipts in Libya's sovereign funds, so that by the time hydrocarbons are exhausted a sustainable income is generated for Libyans in perpetuity. This could also provide social safety nets, create jobs and increase human capital formation. * RbtGoodland@aol.com

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The Contribution of Renewable Energies to a Sustainable Energy Economy

Cited by 30 publications

References 4 publications

Concentrating solar thermal power

Concentrating solar thermal power

Dysprosium Oxide-Supported CaO for Thermochemical Energy Storage

How Libya could become environmentally sustainable

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