The Control of the Motility of the Reticulo-Rumen

Leek, B. F.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-3319-4_1

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…One important role of mechanoreceptors is in the control of gastrointestinal motility (Leek, 1987;Crichlow, 1988). However, since the epithelial receptors found in the reticulorumen and duodenum also respond to chemical stimuli, it is likely that chemical effects on the activity of these receptors are also involved in the control of motility.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Receptors and Their Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abdominal chemo‐ and mechanosensitivity in ruminants and its role in the control of food intake

Forbes

Barrio²

1992

Experimental Physiology

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Ruminant animals have evolved a large and complex set of stomachs which allow fermentation of fibrous food by symbiotic micro‐organisms. These stomachs are well innervated and generate signals which are thought to be important in the control of voluntary food intake. Tension receptors in the muscular wall of the rumen and reticulum are slowly adapting and provide a measure of distension while epithelial receptors are rapidly adapting and provide information on the fibrousness of the digesta; they are involved in the control of stomach motility and voluntary food intake in order to prevent excessive distension. The epithelial receptors are also sensitive to the chemical nature of the digesta, particularly acidity. There are mechano‐ and chemoreceptors in the abomasum (true stomach) and duodenum and chemoreceptors in the liver, all of which have been implicated in the control of intake. It is relatively easy to prepare and maintain ruminants with a rumen fistula and many studies have shown the effects of such manipulations as distension of balloons in the rumen on voluntary intake. With fibrous, slowly digested feeds intake is primarily limited by rumen distension. With more rapidly digested feeds, however, the products of digestion play an important role in controlling intake. Short‐chain fatty acids are the main products of fermentation and infusion of their salts into the rumen depresses food intake to a much greater extent than infusion into the general circulation. Acetate or propionate given into the rumen are more effective, mole for mole, than butyrate but must be given at rates exceeding the natural rate of production in order to have a significant effect. It has been suggested that much of the effect of sodium acetate is via the increase in the osmolality of rumen fluid but there is considerable uncertainty as to the physiological significance of osmotic effects, especially when animals have free access to water and can prevent excessive increases in tonicity by increasing their water intake. Other constituents of rumen fluid have been implicated in the control of food intake, particularly lactic acid and nitrogenous compounds, especially as these can be found in fermented feeds such as silage. The omasum controls the flow of digesta to the abomasum; it is therefore well placed to control rumen fill and thus intake but there has been little study in this area and this is also true for the abomasum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Section: Gastrointestinal Receptors and Their Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following is a summary of the present knowledge of the receptors and their roles in the main regions of the digestive tract of ruminants. For more detail see the recent reviews by Leek (1986Leek ( , 1987.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Receptors and Their Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal chemo‐ and mechanosensitivity in ruminants and its role in the control of food intake

Forbes

Barrio²

1992

Experimental Physiology

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“…The decrease in reticular DM content and the increase in particle size after feeding are consistent with the results of Evans et al (1973) (Wolff, 1990 To measure consistency of rumen content, Welch's (1982) the size of the orifice. This provides an additional evaluation of the ability of the contents to flow, and also enables the effects of filtration through an orifice to be appraised (Dardillat, 1990 (Leek, 1985) suggests that the consistency of the reticular content may be sensed. We know that the epithelial receptors which are sensitive to the fibrosity of the contents trigger rumination, but the effects of stimulation of the tension receptors on feeding behaviour and rumination are still little known (Reid, 1986).…”

Section: Particle Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical characteristics of reticular content in the bovine and consequences on reticular outflow

Dardillat

Baumont²

1992

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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“…The prandial stimulation of taste perceptors and gastrointestinal chemoperceptors (in the dorsal ruminal sac) and mechanoperceptors (in the reticulum) as well as hepatic chemoperceptors contributes to satiety. All these perceptors are apparently connected with the brain by vagal afferents ( de Jong, 1987; Leek, 1987; Langhans, 1989). The relationship between food and water intake is somewhat different to that in monogastric species ( Langhans et al ., 1995 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These differences are presumably related to the massive saliva secretion in ruminants and to the functioning of the forestomach system as a water reservoir. Food stimuli affect feeding through autonomic reflexes which also may regulate reticulorumen motility ( Ruckebusch, 1983; Leek, 1987; van Miert, 1987a). However, the exact role of the various neurotransmitters and neuropeptides involved in the control of ruminant feeding behaviour is as yet largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological and pathophysiological modulation of food intake and forestomach motility in small ruminants

Miert

Duin

1998

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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I Introduction II Pharmacological modulation of food intake and forestomach motility II 1. Orexigenic agents 1.1 glutamate 1.2 benzodiazepines 1.3 opioid receptor agonists and antagonists 4 neuropepetides Y (NPY) II 2. Anorectic agents 2.1 cholecystokinin (CCK) agonists and antagonists 2.2 serotonin receptor agonists and antagonists 2.3 dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists 2.4 alpha‐2 adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists III Anorexia and ruminal stasis during the Acute Phase Response to infections 1. cytokines 2. prostaglandins 3. hormones 4. nitric oxide IV Conclusions V References

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The Control of the Motility of the Reticulo-Rumen

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Abdominal chemo‐ and mechanosensitivity in ruminants and its role in the control of food intake

Abdominal chemo‐ and mechanosensitivity in ruminants and its role in the control of food intake

Physical characteristics of reticular content in the bovine and consequences on reticular outflow

Pharmacological and pathophysiological modulation of food intake and forestomach motility in small ruminants

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