The cooling of blends in water supports durable, thermo-responsive, and porous gelatin-polyphenolic tannin assemblies with antimicrobial activities

Bezerra, Ewerton de Oliveira Teotônio; Berton, Sharise B.R.; Oliveira, Ariel C. de; Souza, Paulo R.; Vecchi, Camila Félix; Bruschi, Marcos Luciano; Vilsinski, Bruno H.; Martins, Alessandro F.

doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101883

Cited by 7 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The gelatin (GE) protein has been extensively used to engineer hydrogels. It is obtained from collagen denaturation [ 3 ] and is composed mainly of proline, glycine, and 4-hydroxyproline in different contents [ 4 ]. The average molar mass varies from 30,000 to 65,000 g/mol depending on the natural source [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is obtained from collagen denaturation [ 3 ] and is composed mainly of proline, glycine, and 4-hydroxyproline in different contents [ 4 ]. The average molar mass varies from 30,000 to 65,000 g/mol depending on the natural source [ 4 ]. GE is an exciting material for biomedical purposes since it mimics well the connective tissue, has low cost, and is present in high availability [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, hydrogels constituting GE and other polymers such as pectin, poly(acrylic acid), and polyacrylamide have been developed that aim for biomedical applications [ 2 ]. Previously, we proposed a physical hydrogel constituting GE/amino-functionalized tannin (TN) for biomedical applications involving wound dressing purposes [ 4 ]. TN is an inexpensive and abundant material easily extracted from the seeds of various plants, leaves, fruits, and barks [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous results revealed an assembly formation after the exposure of GE and TN on cooling the blends at 4 °C [ 4 ]. TN presence was essential to stabilize the GE helices and promote hydrogel formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TN presence was essential to stabilize the GE helices and promote hydrogel formation. [ 4 ]. This stabilization was majority attributed to hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds between GE and TN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermo- and pH-Responsive Gelatin/Polyphenolic Tannin/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels for Efficient Methylene Blue Delivery

et al. 2021

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Gelatin (GE), amino-functionalized polyphenolic tannin derivative (TN), and graphene oxide (GO) were associated to yield thermo- and pH-responsive hydrogels for the first time. Durable hydrogel assemblies for drug delivery purposes were developed using the photosensitizer methylene blue (MB) as a drug model. The cooling GE/TN blends provide brittle physical assemblies. To overcome this disadvantage, different GO contents (between 0.31% and 1.02% wt/wt) were added to the GE/TN blend at 89.7/10.3 wt/wt. FTIR and RAMAN spectroscopy analyses characterized the materials, indicating GO presence in the hydrogels. Incorporation studies revealed a total MB (0.50 mg/mL) incorporation into the GE/TN-GO hydrogel matrices. Additionally, the proposed systems present a mechanical behavior similar to gel. The GO presence in the hydrogel matrices increased the elastic modulus from 516 to 1650 Pa. SEM revealed that hydrogels containing MB present higher porosity with interconnected pores. Dissolution and swelling degree studies revealed less stability of the GE/TN-GO-MB hydrogels in SGF medium (pH 1.2) than SIF (pH 6.8). The degradation increased in SIF with the GO content, making the polymeric matrices more hydrophilic. MB release studies revealed a process controlled by Fickian diffusion. Our results point out the pH-responsible behavior of mechanically reinforced GE/TN-GO-MB hydrogels for drug delivery systems purposes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%