The coral reef health index in Teluk Sebong, Bintan Island

Abstract

Teluk Sebong is one of the areas around Bintan Island, Indonesia, that has potential coral reef resources. Bintan borders directly with neighbouring countries and with a major shipping lane (ALKI I) traversing the Indonesian Archipelago. This makes the coral reef ecosystems in this region particularly vulnerable to disruption from changes in the aquatic environment. There is a need for primary data on the coral reef ecosystem condition as a basis for understanding changes in this ecosystem. One commonly used method is the Coral Reef Health Index (CRHI), which can describe the current status in terms of live coral cover, the level of resilience (potential for recovery) during times of stress, the condition of economically important reef fish biomass, and ecologically related functions. The CRHI can be used in monitoring coral reef status and can provide a basis for the management of coral reef ecosystems. This study examined five sampling sites located in Teluk Sebong, Bintan Island. The in-situ data collection included the condition of coral reefs using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method and reef fish condition using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method. The coral data collected were analyzed using the CPCe (Coral Point Calculate with Excel extension) software version 4.0 to determine the percentage benthic cover. The coral reef fish data were analyzed to provide target fish density and biomass values (carnivores and herbivores). The live coral cover in Teluk Sebong ranged from 30.87 - 45.40%. Out of the five research sites, Berakit, Pengudang, and Lagoi Bay had coral cover in the high category while coral cover at Banyan Tree and Rawa Island was in the medium category. Reef fish biomass in Teluk Sebong ranged from 9.26 - 108.07 kg/ha, and at all research sites fish biomass was in a low category. The coral reef ecosystem resilience in Teluk Sebong was high at the Berakit and Banyan tree sites; in contrast, Pengudang, Lagoi Bay, and Rawa Island were in the low resilience category. The coral reef index (CRHI) value was highest in Berakit (CRHI = 6), followed by Banyan Tree (CRHI = 5), Pengudang (CRHI = 4), Lagoi Bay (CRHI = 4), and Rawa Island (CRHI = 2).

Indeks Kesehatan Terumbu Karang di Perairan Siantan Selatan, Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas

“…Terumbu karang merupakan salah satu ekosistem yang memiliki fungsi ekologis dan nilai ekonomis yang tinggi bagi masyarakat apabila dikelola dan dimanfaatkan dengan baik (Fadhillah et al, 2021). Namun, saat ini ekosistem terumbu karang di Indonesia sangat rentan akan ancaman kerusakan akibat tekanan lingkungan di sekitarnya seperti penangkapan ikan tidak ramah lingkungan, sedimentasi, kegiatan antropogenik serta penambangan karang untuk bahan bangunan (Isdianto et al, 2022;Kurniawan et al, 2021). Adanya kandungan potassium cyanide pada terumbu karang di Kepulauan Anambas merupakan bukti adanya praktik penangkapan tidak ramah lingkungan (Permana et al, 2021).…”

Identifikasi Jenis dan Prevalensi Penyakit Karang pada Terumbu Karang di Perairan Pengudang, Pulau Bintan

“…Wilayah tersebut memiliki beragam ekosistem, salah satunya dapat terlihat dari hasil tangkapan nelayan Desa Pengudang yang bermacam-macam jenis. Ekosistem yang harus dijaga serta dikembangkan pada Perairan Pengudang adalah terumbu karang, karena terumbu karang merupakan ekosistem yang banyak dihuni berbagai macam jenis biota di perairan (Kurniawan et al, 2019;Kurniawan et al, 2021).…”

The abundance of reef fish based on ecological role and trophic level on Kaliage Island, Seribu Archipelago, DKI Jakarta

“…Their abundance and diversity are indicators of ecological balance and resilience to environmental change [11,12]. Coral fishes are among the organisms that live exclusively in coral reefs and are, therefore, extremely vulnerable to ecosystem conditions [13]. A collection of reef fish from the same ecosystem can be divided into groups according to their functions.…”