The corpus callosum in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and other CNS demyelinating and inflammatory diseases

Abstract

Lesions in the corpus callosum (CC) are important radiological clues to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), but may also occur in other neuroinflammatory and non-neuroinflammatory conditions. In this article, we discuss the radiological features of lesions within the CC in MS and other central nervous system inflammatory and acquired demyelinating diseases. An understanding of the appearance and location of lesions in the CC is important not only for accurate diagnosis and treatment of these various conditions, but as it also provides insights into pathogenesis.

Advanced MR diffusion imaging and chemotherapy‐related changes in cerebral white matter microstructure of survivors of childhood bone and soft tissue sarcoma?

“…Since AFD is different in specific fiber populations, one could hypothesize that these centrally‐located tracts are specifically vulnerable for microstructural changes in pediatric chemotherapy. The vulnerability of central tracts could be explained by their dense axonal packing and their high vascular supply (Garg et al, ). More specifically, after Bonferroni corrections, AFD appeared only significant in the corpus callosum.…”

Characterization of variations in IL23A and IL23R genes: possible roles in multiple sclerosis and other neuroinflammatory demyelinating diseases

“…IDDs, especially MS, are deemed to be a kind of autoimmune diseases that develop in individuals with genetic predisposition [15]. The cytokine IL23A has important effects in the differentiation of pro- inflammatory cells, and these cells have been considered to be the main factors in the MS pathogenesis [16].…”

Reversible splenial lesion syndrome: A differential diagnosis of corpus callosum lesions

“…RESLES associated with MERS has been described in a wide variety of inherited and acquired inflammatory and noninflammatory diseases (Doherty et al, 2005;Garcia-Monco et al, 2011;Garg et al, 2015;Pan et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2016). The pathophysiological mechanism of RESLES is still unclear (Garg et al, 2015).…”

“…While the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC) is an uncommon location in which transient lesions may be found, reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) has been reported (Doherty et al, 2005;Garcia-Monco et al, 2011;Garg et al, 2015;Pan et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2016). RESLES is a clinico-radiological syndrome characterized by seizures, encephalopathy, headache and ataxia among others.…”

“…It has been associated with several etiologies such as infections, metabolic, vascular, demyelinating diseases and sudden withdrawal of the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) (Doherty et al, 2005;Garcia-Monco et al, 2011;Garg et al, 2015;Pan et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2016). Classically, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows reversible lesions on SCC with restricted diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and reduced apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value (Doherty et al, 2005;Garcia-Monco et al, 2011;Garg et al, 2015;Pan et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2016). The aim of this report was to evaluate the clinico-radiological characteristics of a patient with RESLES in Argentina and to perform a brief review.…”