The Correlation Between Self Care Behavior and the Level of Hba1c of the Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in Binjai City, Sumatera Utara Province

Abstract

Abstract-Diabetes has become the fastest growing chronic disease in the world. Therefore, in order to manage it, behavioral changes in lifestyle including physical activity, dietary, monitoring of blood glucose levels (BGL), and obedience to treatment are needed. A good self care (self-management) of patients with diabetes will help them manage the disease. American Association of Diabetes (ADA) suggest people with diabetes type 2 to have selfcare behaviors that can improve their quality of life while reducing the complications associated with the disease (Bonner et al., 2016). The aim of the research was to analyze the correlation between self care behaviors and HbA1c levels of the patients with type 2 diabetes in Binjai, North Sumatra Province. The design of the research was descriptive analytic with cross sectional approach. The population in this study was all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in eight community health centers in Binjai. The samples were consecutive sampling of 118 people who meet the criteria. Data gathered were analyzed using Pearson Correlation. The result of this study suggested that the majority of samples (102 people or 86.4%) with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Binjai has low attention to do self care behavior. The average HbA1c level of the diabetic patients was 9.8% (uncontrolled). Meanwhile, the result of the Pearson Correlation Test showed a correlation between self care behaviors and HbA1c level in diabetes patients in Binjai (p <0.05). The better the self-care behavior of the diabetes patients the lower the HbA1C levels is. Self-care behavior is the determinant factor of the controllable diabetes. To improve self-care behavior, cooperation between doctors and health workers to provide continuing education is essential in order to increase understanding and independence of the patients with type 2 diabetes.

Relationship between self care management with glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients

“…Good self-care score is zero. This finding was in line with other researches[ 10 17 18 19 ] that the majority of patients belong to low level self-care group. This show that poor self-care behaviors in DM patients exist nearly in all countries.…”

“…Also this study concluded that there was a correlation between self-care behaviors and HbA1C levels that is agreement with previous research. [ 6 10 17 18 19 21 22 ] Therefore Self-care behavior is necessary for patients with type 2 diabetes because help patients improve their blood glucose control. Another study investigated the difference between DM patients who performed only treatment orders and those who performed both healthy behavior and medical therapy found that self-care behaviors lead to better adherence to treatment than patients who perform medical therapy.…”

The Effect of Depression on Poor Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: The Mediating Roles of Self-Efficacy and Self-Management Behaviors

“…Our findings were consistent with previous studies reporting that depression is associated with poor glycemic control in patients with T2DM [13, 34-37]. In line with previous studies, we found a negative association between HbA1c and self-efficacy as well as self-management behaviors ( p < 0.01) [21, 38]. To delve deeper into the complex relationship between depression, self-efficacy, self-management behaviors, and HbA1c, series of hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted, after controlling for the covariates.…”