The cortical branches of the middle cerebral artery in the otter (Lutra lutra)

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The cortical branches of the middle cerebral artery in the otter were described using 60 hemispheres. It was demonstrated that the artery is divided into ten permanent branches. Two rhinal arteries supply the region of the brain located on the border between the old and the archicortex and the neocortex. The other eight branches are divided into three branches running towards the frontal lobe, two branches -to the region of the parietal lobe and three temporal branches which supply blood to the neocortex only. The frontal, parietal and temporal branches descended independently from the main trunk of the middle cerebral artery or first formed a common trunk. Common trunks for specific groups of bifurcations were described as the middle cerebral artery (anterior, superior and posterior).

Cortical branches of the middle cerebral artery in silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)

“…Making a comparison of the present results with those reported by Skoczylas et al (2012), one can state that also in otter the superior middle cerebral artery was reported as the lowest percentage of the cases. In silver fox, similarly as in the other animal species studied, the parietal branches have developed poorest.…”

“…Such cases of descent were reported by Wiland (1991), Skoczylas et al (2012) as the anterior, superior and posterior middle cerebral artery. In silver fox the anterior middle cerebral artery has been presented as a common trunk for frontal branches and it occurred in 35% of the cases investigated, the superior middle cerebral artery was described as a common trunk for parietal branches, which was observed in 15% of the cases.…”

“…From the description of the structure of the middle cerebral artery in the publications by Aydin (2008), Skoczylas et al (2012), Ozudogru et al (2012) in the red squirrel, fallow deer, common fox and cattle (Skoczylas et al 2016) one can see that it is usually a single vessel descending from the rostral cerebral artery. The vessel, having passed the lateral olfactory sulcus, gets divided along its course into respective cortical branches.…”

“…This applies to vessels that expand as a single branch e.g. in red squirrel (Aydin 2008), in a the ground squirrel (Aydin et al 2009), in otter (Skoczylas et al 2011 and multiple arteries in domestic pig (Skoczylas 2000) and hare . It was found that the cortical branches of the middle cerebral artery in these species come to the same areas of the telencephalon.…”

Telencephalon vascularity in sheep (Ovis aries)

“…The descriptions of the anatomy of the middle cerebral artery provided by Brudnicki et al (2005), Skoczylas et al (2011Skoczylas et al ( , 2012, in red deer, goat, fallow deer and European otter demonstrate that it is usually a single vessel descending from the rostral cerebral artery. The vessel, having passed the lateral olfactory sulcus, gets divided along its course into respective branches, its main trunk runs towards the fornix of the brain.…”