The Cost(s) of Geospatial Open Data

Johnson, Peter A.; Sieber, Renée; Scassa, Teresa; Stephens, Monica; Robinson, Pamela

doi:10.1111/tgis.12283

Cited by 57 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In the open data literature, there is a broad consensus that standards are a necessary part of an open data program. The literature stresses that standards are necessary to enable interoperability between datasets [9][10][11] and increase data usability [5][6][7][8], and eventually provide the infrastructure for a vibrant open data ecosystem. However, within open data, standards operate on several levels, and to answer the research question in this paper, it is necessary to clarify these levels.…”

Section: Open Data Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has stressed that the prime rationale for open data publishers to publish data according to specific data standards is typically connected to usability [5][6][7][8] and interoperability [9][10][11] vis-à-vis the re-use community [12]. E.g., if a particular category of open data were to be published in the same standard across agencies, the threshold for re-users would be substantially lowered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Open Data Standards: Vertical Industry Standards to Unlock Digital Ecosystems

Rudmark¹

2020

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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Standards are considered an essential means to facilitate value creation from open data. Despite this importance, we find that empirical studies of open data standards have not been conducted in proportion to its importance. In particular, the literature has insofar been silent about why specific standards are chosen and how these standards are implemented. To this end, we report from an action research project with the Swedish public transport industry, where open data standards were both chosen and implemented. Consistent with the literature, we find standards were selected based on expected increased attractivity for re-users. Also, and more surprisingly, we found that open data standards were chosen as a means to harness resources in adjacent digital ecosystems. Finally, our findings convey that implementing open data standards may hamper the possibility to publish datasets, with its original qualities.

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Section: Open Data Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open Data Standards: Vertical Industry Standards to Unlock Digital Ecosystems

Rudmark¹

2020

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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“…The main worry is that without appropriate suitable protection mechanisms, mobile phones can be transformed into miniature spies, possibly revealing private information about their owners (Christin et al, ). Johnson et al () argue that for open data, it is the government's role to ensure that methods are in place for the anonymization or aggregation of data to protect privacy, as well as to conduct the necessary privacy, security, and risk assessments. The key concern for individuals is the limited control over personal data, which can open up the possibility of a range of negative or unintended consequences (Bowser et al, ).…”

Section: Review Of Issues Associated With Crowdsourcing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowdsourcing Methods for Data Collection in Geophysics: State of the Art, Issues, and Future Directions

Zheng

Tao

Maier

et al. 2018

Reviews of Geophysics

113

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Data are essential in all areas of geophysics. They are used to better understand and manage systems, either directly or via models. Given the complexity and spatiotemporal variability of geophysical systems (e.g., precipitation), a lack of sufficient data is a perennial problem, which is exacerbated by various drivers, such as climate change and urbanization. In recent years, crowdsourcing has become increasingly prominent as a means of supplementing data obtained from more traditional sources, particularly due to its relatively low implementation cost and ability to increase the spatial and/or temporal resolution of data significantly. Given the proliferation of different crowdsourcing methods in geophysics and the promise they have shown, it is timely to assess the state of the art in this field, to identify potential issues and map out a way forward. In this paper, crowdsourcing‐based data acquisition methods that have been used in seven domains of geophysics, including weather, precipitation, air pollution, geography, ecology, surface water, and natural hazard management, are discussed based on a review of 162 papers. In addition, a novel framework for categorizing these methods is introduced and applied to the methods used in the seven domains of geophysics considered in this review. This paper also features a review of 93 papers dealing with issues that are common to data acquisition methods in different domains of geophysics, including the management of crowdsourcing projects, data quality, data processing, and data privacy. In each of these areas, the current status is discussed and challenges and future directions are outlined.

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“…At a )ity level, the building of data portals and appli)aton programming interfa)es (APIs) has been frequently prioritsed by lo)al governments to fa)ilitate )ommer)ial reuse of open data. These transitons inevitably lead to the deregulaton of open data through whi)h )orporate interests a)quire greater )ontrol over data standards, publi)aton and maintenan)e, as well as favouring proprietary sofware and algorithms that impede the reuse of data for )ivi) and so)ietal purposes (Johnson et al, 2017;Lesi)iynski, 2012). The emphasis on the )ommer)ial reuse of open, publi) data further strengthens entrepreneurial and algorithmi) governan)e that la)ks the art)ulaton of the publi) value of data.…”

Section: Urbanisation Of Shared Technology Makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared technology making in neoliberal ruins

Perng¹

2018

Preprint

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Published as an open a))ess pre-print on OSFPreprint: https://osf.io/k793w Abstract Shared te)hnology making refers to the pra)t)es, spa)es and events that bear the hope and belief that )ollaboratve and open ways of designing, making and modifying te)hnology )an improve our ways of living. Shared te)hnology making in the )ontext of the smart )ity reinvigorates exploratons of the possibility of free, open and )ollaboratve ways of engineering urban spa)es, infrastru)tures and publi) life. Open innovaton events and )ivi) ha)king initatves ofen en)ourage members of lo)al )ommunites, residents, or )ity administratons to part)ipate so that the problems they fa)e and the knowledge they possess )an be leveraged to develop innovatons from the working (and failure) of urban everyday life and (non-)expert knowledges. However, the in)orporaton of shared te)hnology making into urban )ontexts engender )on)erns around the right to part)ipate in shared te)hnology-and )ity-making. This paper addresses this issue by suggestng ways to )onsider both the neoliberal patterning of shared te)hnology making and the pat)hes and gaps that show the future possibility of shared )ity making. It explores the ways in whi)h shared te)hnology making are organised using ha)kathons and other ha)king initatves as an example. By providing a ha)kathon typology and detailed a))ounts of the experien)es of organisers and part)ipants of related events, the paper re)onsiders the neoliberalisaton of shared te)hnology making. It attends to the multple, entangled and )onfi)tual relatonships that do not follow )orporate logi) for )onsidering the possibilites of more open and )ollaboratve ways of te)hnology-and )ity-making.

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The Cost(s) of Geospatial Open Data

Abstract: The provision of open data by governments at all levels has rapidly increased over recent years. Given that one of the dominant motiva-

Cited by 57 publications

References 47 publications

Open Data Standards: Vertical Industry Standards to Unlock Digital Ecosystems

Open Data Standards: Vertical Industry Standards to Unlock Digital Ecosystems

Crowdsourcing Methods for Data Collection in Geophysics: State of the Art, Issues, and Future Directions

Shared technology making in neoliberal ruins

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