The Covariance between Relatives for Characters Composed of Components Contributed by Related Individuals

Willham, R. L.

doi:10.2307/2527570

Cited by 341 publications

(326 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

311

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Maternal effects will elevate the latter covariance but not the former. As defined in this way, the maternal effect will include maternally inherited (cytoplasmic) genetic factors (eg Beavis and Frey, 1987;Galloway and Fenster, 2001) and even noncytoplasmic maternal effects may be heritable (see Willham, 1963).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inbreeding and the genetic variance in floral traits of Mimulus guttatus

Kelly

Arathi

2003

Heredity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The additive genetic variance, V A , is frequently used as a measure of evolutionary potential in natural plant populations. Many plants inbreed to some extent; a notable observation given that random mating is essential to the model that predicts evolutionary change from V A . With inbreeding, V A is not the only relevant component of genetic variation. Several nonadditive components emerge from the combined effects of inbreeding and genetic dominance. An important empirical question is whether these components are quantitatively significant. We use maximum likelihood estimation to extract estimates for V A and the nonadditive 'inbreeding components' from an experimental study of the wildflower Mimulus guttatus. The inbreeding components contribute significantly to four of five floral traits, including several measures of flower size and stigma-anther separation. These results indicate that inbreeding will substantially alter the evolutionary response to natural selection on floral characters.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inbreeding and the genetic variance in floral traits of Mimulus guttatus

Kelly

Arathi

2003

Heredity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Following the approach of Dickerson (1947) and Willham (1963), Griffing (1967) developed the so-called variance-component models, where individual trait values are decomposed into a direct genetic component attributed to the focal individual, the indirect genetic components attributed to its social partners, and a residual, as in equation 1 above. Griffing (1967) referred to the IGE as an associative effect, indicating that it originates from individuals associated with the focal individual.…”

Section: Modelling Igesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As conspecifics are often an important component of the (social) environment that individuals experience, IGEs are expected to be a common phenomenon in nature, both in animals and plants, and in domestic, wild and laboratory populations (Sakai, 1955;Frank, 2007). The classical example of an IGE is the maternal genetic effect of a mother on the trait values of her offspring in a mammal (Dickerson, 1947;Willham, 1963;Falconer, 1965;Kirkpatrick and Lande, 1989). Other examples of IGEs are mortality due to cannibalistic interactions in domestic chicken (Muir, 1996(Muir, , 2005, the effect of competition among trees on growth rate in bark diameter (Brotherstone et al, 2011), the outcome of dyadic interactions in deer , social behaviours in microorganisms (Crespi, 2001), size, developmental and fitness-related traits in Arabidopsis (Mutic and Wolf, 2007;Wolf et al, 2011), and growth rate in Medaka (Ruzzante and Doyle, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The quantitative genetics of indirect genetic effects: a selective review of modelling issues

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Indirect genetic effects (IGE) occur when the genotype of an individual affects the phenotypic trait value of another conspecific individual. IGEs can have profound effects on both the magnitude and the direction of response to selection. Models of inheritance and response to selection in traits subject to IGEs have been developed within two frameworks; a trait-based framework in which IGEs are specified as a direct consequence of individual trait values, and a variance-component framework in which phenotypic variance is decomposed into a direct and an indirect additive genetic component. This work is a selective review of the quantitative genetics of traits affected by IGEs, with a focus on modelling, estimation and interpretation issues. It includes a discussion on variance-component vs trait-based models of IGEs, a review of issues related to the estimation of IGEs from field data, including the estimation of the interaction coefficient W (psi), and a discussion on the relevance of IGEs for response to selection in cases where the strength of interaction varies among pairs of individuals. An investigation of the trait-based model shows that the interaction coefficient W may deviate considerably from the corresponding regression coefficient when feedback occurs. The increasing research effort devoted to IGEs suggests that they are a widespread phenomenon, probably particularly in natural populations and plants. Further work in this field should considerably broaden our understanding of the quantitative genetics of inheritance and response to selection in relation to the social organisation of populations.

show abstract

“…The basis for concern about maternal effects manifests itself in the conclusions of Dickerson (]947) and Willham (1963). Reported from these works, the portion of the selection differential that is realized when selection is made on the expression of a maternally influenced trait can be quantified by the expression 2 2 2 where o^ is the phenotypic variation of the trait, and are additive direct and additive maternal variance, and ^ is the genetic covariance between direct and maternal effects.…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Direct genetic and maternal variance and covariance component estimates from Angus and Hereford field data

Skaar

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INFORMATION TO USERSThis reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted.The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity.2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame.3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of "sectioning" the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again-beginning below the first row and continuing on Uiitil cOjiipleîc.

show abstract

The Covariance between Relatives for Characters Composed of Components Contributed by Related Individuals

Cited by 341 publications

References 3 publications

Inbreeding and the genetic variance in floral traits of Mimulus guttatus

Inbreeding and the genetic variance in floral traits of Mimulus guttatus

The quantitative genetics of indirect genetic effects: a selective review of modelling issues

Direct genetic and maternal variance and covariance component estimates from Angus and Hereford field data

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About