The Criminal and His Victim: Studies in the Sociobiology of Crime.

Shernock, Stanley K.; Hentig, Hans von

doi:10.2307/2067827

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Control variables. On the basis of previous workplace victimization research (e.g., Aquino et al, 1999;Aquino & Thau, 2009;Bowling & Beehr, 2006;Hentig, 1948;Schafer, 1968), we controlled for several variables to reduce the potential impact of unmeasured variables on victimization. Empirical evidence on the relationship between employee demographics and victimization shows mixed findings (Bowling & Beehr, 2006); we control for an employee's age, gender, and tenure in the organization.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Get smarty pants: Cognitive ability, personality, and victimization.

Kim¹,

Glomb²

2010

Journal of Applied Psychology

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Drawing on the victim precipitation model, this study provides an empirical investigation of the relationship between cognitive ability and victimization at work. We propose that people high in cognitive ability are more prone to victimization. In this study, we also examine the direct and moderating effects of victims' personality traits, specifically the 2 interpersonally oriented personality dimensions of agency and communion. Results support the direct positive relationship of cognitive ability and victimization. The positive relationship between high cognitive ability and victimization is moderated by the victims' personality traits; agency personality traits strengthen the relationship of cognitive ability and victimization, whereas communion personality traits weaken this relationship.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Get smarty pants: Cognitive ability, personality, and victimization.

Kim¹,

Glomb²

2010

Journal of Applied Psychology

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“…Early studies on victimization focused on the idea that victims precipitate their victimization (von Hentig, 1948), the lifestyle theory (Garofalo, 1987), and the victims' routine activities (Cohen & Felson, 1979). Research shows offenders are often crime victims (Schreck, 1999), and correlation exists between factors that predict offending and victimization (Lauritsen & Laub, 2007;Schreck, Stewart, & Osgood, 2008).…”

Section: Self-control and Victimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Self-control and School Bullying: Testing the GTC in Nigerian Sample of Middle School Students

Fenny

2021

J Interpers Violence

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Gottfredson and Hirschi’s General Theory of Crime’s (GTC) claim to explain crime, at all times, and in all places, has received considerable empirical support using Western, Scandinavian, and Asian samples. However, the theory is yet to be tested using a Nigerian sample. Using cross-sectional data from a sample of 1,192 junior secondary school (middle school) students in Nigeria, this study examines the explanatory power of Gottfredson and Hirschi’s GTC in predicting bullying perpetration and victimization in that context and culture. Binomial logistic regression was used to test the hypothesis that the bullying perpetration and victimization experiences of these students would be negatively related to self-control. Study provides support for the cross-cultural potency of the GTC as low self-control predicted the bullying and victimization experiences of these students regardless of gender. Students’ perception of a negative school environment was also a significant predictor of bullying. This is the first test of the GTC with a Nigerian sample and hopefully, will be a springboard for effective bullying prevention policy/programs in Nigerian schools. The public policy implications of the findings are discussed.

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“…However, post-industrialization resulted in changes in the criminal justice system, and the system of punishment was transferred from the hands of the victims into the hands of the state (Foucault, 1977;Weber, 1978;Trubek, 1972). Victimology -the discipline studying the relationship between the criminal and the individual they harmed -has significantly evolved from eugenics when it was studying victims' biological, social, or cultural characteristics and victimization based on victims' 'defect' or 'weakness' (Mendelsohn, 1956;Schafer, 1968;Von Hentig, 1948) to a macro-level inquiry that critically examines historical, political, economic, and social power dynamics causing disadvantage to a particular group such as women, children, and ethnic or racial minorities (Arendt, 1951;Bassiouni, 2006;Bell, 1992;MacKinnon, 1989;Williams, 1991).…”

Section: Who Is a Victim?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A victim, similarly, is not only an individual, but also a social unit with a particular set of identities and ties to gender, ethnic, racial, or national origins (Arendt, 1951;Komar, 2008;Schafer, 1968: 33-91). Whereas criminologist Hans von Hentig (1948) developed a complex typology of 13 types of victims (one of whom is a 'socially weak victim' who lacks equality and faces racial prejudice because s/he threatens the capacities of the dominant culture), for contemporary scholars, victims can be innocent, thus challenging the traditional criminal justice frame where victimhood is hierarchically organized (Hearty, 2019).…”

Section: Who Is a Victim?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bosnian voices from the bottom of the well: Genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity and victims’ right to remedies

Begicevic

2021

International Review of Victimology

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Human rights advocates call for reparation as an important step to acknowledge and repair historical injustice and mass harms. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, victims of war continue to seek monetary reparation for non-pecuniary damages caused by genocide: murder, injury to human body and dignity, and harms inflicted upon a close family member. They seek legal remedies using national, foreign, and international human rights judicial venues. Drawing from qualitative, ethnographic research data and archival documents, the article examines legal claims and public discourse regarding reparation and makes a case for a reconceptualization of reparation by including victim voices. The article concludes that despite being absent from the post-conflict victims’ reparation programs in Bosnia and Herzegovina, monetary reparation has assumed a social valuation attribute. On the one hand, it is a victim’s call for retributive, legal conceptions of justice – that someone who escaped international and national criminal justice programs pays. On the other hand, it is a tool to draw attention to Bosnian victims’ present civil and political exclusions that came with the international post-conflict peace treaty. While the post-war reconstruction focused on international trials, democratization, restorative justice, and state building programs, it also restricted socio-economic and cultural rights by redefining the citizenship and dismantling the welfare state. Reparation is a debt owed to victims.

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The Criminal and His Victim: Studies in the Sociobiology of Crime.

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Get smarty pants: Cognitive ability, personality, and victimization.

Get smarty pants: Cognitive ability, personality, and victimization.

Low Self-control and School Bullying: Testing the GTC in Nigerian Sample of Middle School Students

Bosnian voices from the bottom of the well: Genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity and victims’ right to remedies

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