The critical role of microgrids in transition to a smarter grid: A technical review

Ravichandran, Adhithya; Malysz, Pawel; Sirouspour, Shahin; Emadi, Ali

doi:10.1109/itec.2013.6573507

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Some of the papers have presented the overview of microgrid systems [8,[13][14][15]20,[22][23][24]27,28,33,34] focusing on the various technologies and recent developments and their potential application for rural electrification and islanded purposes; a review of renewable energy resources for microgrid application was also presented [19]. Some other papers have focused on the review of control strategies of microgrid and autonomous applications with the aim of achieving proper and effective coordination of a cluster of microgrids in electrical systems for optimal operation [6,7,9,11,12,17,21,25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application

2018

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Abstract:There is a growing interest in the application of microgrids around the world because of their potential for achieving a flexible, reliable, efficient and smart electrical grid system and supplying energy to off-grid communities, including their economic benefits. Several research studies have examined the application issues of microgrids. However, a lack of in-depth considerations for the enabling planning conditions has been identified as a major reason why microgrids fail in several off-grid communities. This development requires research efforts that consider better strategies and framework for sustainable microgrids in remote communities. This paper first presents a comprehensive review of microgrid technologies and their applications. It then proposes the STEEP model to examine critically the failure factors based on the social, technical, economic, environmental and policy (STEEP) perspectives. The model details the key dimensions and actions necessary for addressing the challenge of microgrid failure in remote communities. The study uses remote communities within Nigeria, West Africa, as case studies and demonstrates the need for the STEEP approach for better understanding of microgrid planning and development. Better insights into microgrid systems are expected to address the drawbacks and improve the situation that can lead to widespread and sustainable applications in off-grid communities around the world in the future. The paper introduces the sustainable planning framework (SPF) based on the STEEP model, which can form a general basis for planning microgrids in any remote location.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application

2018

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“…However, it has been shown that their large scale integration could have a significant adverse effect on the electric grid [26] and DC MGs have been conceived as a promising solution to support the operation of the power system by aggregating multiple EVs [153]. Fleets of PHEV chargers represent a specific group of consumers with an outstanding potential from the increase of flexibility standpoint.…”

Section: E Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to vehicle to grid (V2G) where energy stored in vehicle's battery is used for grid support, charging stations with supplemental ESS have been proposed not to disrupt the recommended charging pattern of the vehicle's battery. In that sense, different types of energy storages can be employed in the DC EV charging stations, such as flywheel, battery, and hybrid energy storage systems [153]. Internal coordination between the ESS and grid is an important but challenging task, since number of objectives need to be simultaneously met, i.e.…”

Section: E Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DC Microgrids—Part II: A Review of Power Architectures, Applications, and Standardization Issues

Dragičević

Liu

Vasquez

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

1,149

402

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DC microgrids (MGs) have been gaining a continually increasing interest over the past couple of years both in academia and industry. The advantages of DC distribution when compared to its AC counterpart are well known. The most important ones include higher reliability and efficiency, simpler control and natural interface with renewable energy sources (RESs), electronic loads and energy storage systems (ESSs). With rapid emergence of these components in modern power systems, the importance of DC in today's society is gradually being brought to a whole new level. A broad class of traditional DC distribution applications such as traction, telecom, vehicular and distributed power systems can be classified under DC MG framework and ongoing development and expansion of the field is largely influenced by concepts used over there. This paper aims firstly to shed light on the practical design aspects of DC MG technology concerning typical power hardware topologies and their suitability for different emerging smart grid applications. Then, an overview of the state of the art in DC MG protection and grounding is provided. Owing to the fact that there is no zero current crossing, an arc that appears upon breaking DC current cannot be extinguished naturally, making the protection of DC MGs a challenging problem. In relation with this, a comprehensive overview of protection schemes which discusses both design of practical protective devices and their integration into overall protection systems is provided. Closely coupled with protection, conflicting grounding objectives, e.g. minimization of stray current and common mode voltage are explained and several practical solutions are presented. Also, standardization efforts for DC systems are addressed. Finally, concluding remarks and important future research directions are pointed out.Index Terms -DC microgrid (MG), power architectures, protection and grounding, standardization. 0885-8993 (c)

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“…These grids are an ideal way to integrate renewable resources at the community level and allow for customer participation in the electricity market [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Models and Methods for Demand-Side Management of Residential Users: A Survey

2014

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Abstract:The residential sector is currently one of the major contributors to the global energy balance. However, the energy demand of residential users has been so far largely uncontrollable and inelastic with respect to the power grid conditions. With the massive introduction of renewable energy sources and the large variations in energy flows, also the residential sector is required to provide some flexibility in energy use so as to contribute to the stability and efficiency of the electric system. To address this issue, demand management mechanisms can be used to optimally manage the energy resources of customers and their energy demand profiles. A very promising technique is represented by demand-side management (DSM), which consists in a proactive method aimed at making users energy-efficient in the long term. In this paper, we survey the most relevant studies on optimization methods for DSM of residential consumers. Specifically, we review the related literature according to three axes defining contrasting characteristics of the schemes proposed: DSM for individual users versus DSM for cooperative consumers, deterministic DSM versus stochastic DSM and day-ahead DSM versus real-time DSM. Based on this classification, we provide a big picture of the key features of different approaches and techniques and discuss future research directions.

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The critical role of microgrids in transition to a smarter grid: A technical review

Cited by 34 publications

References 82 publications

Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application

Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application

DC Microgrids—Part II: A Review of Power Architectures, Applications, and Standardization Issues

Optimization Models and Methods for Demand-Side Management of Residential Users: A Survey

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