The crossabilities of wheat varieties with Hordeum bulbosum

Abstract

SUMMARYTwo experiments to investigate the crossabilities of varieties of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum, with Hordeum bulbosum are described. In the first a range of varieties having low and high crossability with rye, Secale cereale, were used.It was found that a strong positive correlation between the crossabilities of wheat varieties with H. bulbosum and with rye exists.In the second experiment the genetics of crossability was investigated using chromosome substitution lines of the non-crossable variety, Hope, into the crossable variety Chinese Spring. Two chromosomes, namely 5A and 5B of Hope, were found to reduce markedly the crossability of Chinese Spring. These chromosomes were those identified by Riley and Chapman (1967) as being responsible for the crossability of Chinese Spring with rye, reinforcing the conclusion that the crossability of wheat with both species is governed, at least in part, by the same genetic system. However, other chromosomes were also shown to affect the crossability of Chinese Spring, although to a much lesser extent. The use of this interspecific cross to produce wheat dihaploid lines for breeding purposes is discussed.

The location of a gene for incompatibility between Hordeum vulgare L. and H. bulbosum L.

“…Hope) and rye (Riley and Chapman, 1967). Factors on these chromosomes have also been implicated in the crossabilities of wheat x H. bulbosum (Snape et a!., 1979) and barley (cv. Betzes) x wheat (Fedak and Jui, 1982) although other chromosomes slightly influenced the response in all these cases (Falk and Kasha, 1981;Fedak and Jui, 1982;Snape et al, 1979).…”

“…Factors on these chromosomes have also been implicated in the crossabilities of wheat x H. bulbosum (Snape et a!., 1979) and barley (cv. Betzes) x wheat (Fedak and Jui, 1982) although other chromosomes slightly influenced the response in all these cases (Falk and Kasha, 1981;Fedak and Jui, 1982;Snape et al, 1979). Wheat cultivars possessing high crossabilities with rye and H. bulbosum have also been reported as being more compatible with other related species such as Aegilops, Agropyron and Elymus (Thomas et a!., 1981).…”

Mitotic and meiotic chromosome behaviour in new hybrids of Hordeum with Triticum and Secale

“…Since H. chilense crosses so well with other species, it may contain a crossability gene or genes similar to those in T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (Snape et al, 1979). This possibility is being investigated using some of the above hybrids.…”

“…Embryo culture, though not always essential (Kimber and Sallee, 1976) usually facilitates hybrid production greatly (Davies, 1960) and has recently been used in many new crosses involving Horcleum, Triticum and Secale (Subrahmanyam, 1977;Martin and Chapman, 1977;Cauderon et al, 1978;Fedak, 1978). Wide crosses involving Hordeum have recently been of unique use in haploid breeding programmes (Kasha and Reinbergs, 1976;Finch and Simpson, 1978) and research in genetics (Snape et al, 1979), chromosome pairing (Finch and Kasha, 1976;Miller and Chapman, 1976) and chromosome elimination (Subrahmanyam and Kasha, 1973;Bennett et al, 1976). The present paper describes seven new combinations all involving Hordeu,n, five of which may be of particular use for studying interspecific crossability and chromosome elimination.…”

Fine Mapping and Marker Development for the Crossability Gene SKr on Chromosome 5BS of Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…To further explore the mechanisms controlling crossability in wheat, Snape et al (1979) performed crosses between the wild barley Hordeum bulbosum and the wheat cultivars Chinese Spring and Hope as well as 21 substitution lines carrying individual chromosomes of Hope in the background of Chinese Spring. The results revealed that the Kr1 and Kr2 genes on chromosomes 5B and 5A that govern crossability between wheat and rye also are involved in controlling crossability between wheat and barley, although the percentage of crossability observed was significantly lower than with rye.…”