The CSSS Microworld

Vachon, François; Vallières, Benoît R.; Suss, Joel; Thériault, Jean-Denis; Tremblay, Sébastien

doi:10.1177/1541931213601061

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Surveillance testbed. A realistic and dynamic monitoring testbed referred to as the "Cognitive Solutions for Surveillance in Security" (CSSS) microworld was used (Vachon, Vallières, Suss, Thériault, & Tremblay, 2016). This setting aimed to be representative of the different security surveillance units that we observed in Quebec City, which were equipped with highly various surveillance and camera-management systems.…”

Section: Apparatus and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Gaze-Aware Cognitive Support System for Security Surveillance

Marois

Lafond

Williot

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Security surveillance entails many cognitive challenges (e.g., task interruption, vigilance decrements, cognitive overload). To help surveillance operators overcome these difficulties and perform more efficient visual search, gaze-based intelligent systems can be developed. The present study aimed at testing the impact of the Scantracker system—which pinpointed neglected cameras while detecting and correcting attentional tunneling and vigilance decrease—on human scanning behavior and surveillance performance. Participants took part in a surveillance simulation, monitoring cameras and searching for ongoing incidents, and half of them was supported by the Scantracker. Although behavioral surveillance performance was not improved, participants supported by the Scantracker showed more efficient gaze-based measures of surveillance. Moreover, some of these measures were associated with performance, suggesting that scan pattern improvements might lead indirectly to more efficient incident detection. Overall, these results speak to the potential of using gaze- aware intelligent systems to support surveillance operators.

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Section: Apparatus and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Gaze-Aware Cognitive Support System for Security Surveillance

Marois

Lafond

Williot

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

Self Cite

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“…Interviews and observational studies have identified key problems in CCTV operations that could be better understood—and hopefully to some extent alleviated—through further investigation using psychological theory as a framework to guide predictions and interpretation. Applying an experimental approach, the research we propose will use the Cognitive Solutions for Surveillance in Security (CSSS) microworld, a dynamic and realistic monitoring task that simulates CCTV operations within a city centre setting (see Vachon, Vallières, Suss, Thériault, & Tremblay, 2016). While previous experimental research into surveillance has tended to rely upon existing unscripted CCTV footage (Dadashi et al, 2013) or scripted actions carried out by actors in public places (van Voorthuijsen et al, 2005), the use of a microworld can circumvent many of the issues that these approaches entail.…”

Section: Research Agendamentioning

confidence: 99%

See no evil: Cognitive challenges of security surveillance and monitoring.

Hodgetts

Vachon

Chamberland

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition

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RUNNING HEAD: Cognitive challenges of security surveillanceWord count of main text: 9,377Challenges of security surveillance 2 AbstractWhile the development of intelligent technologies in security surveillance can augment human capabilities, they do not replace the role of the operator entirely; as such, when developing surveillance support it is critical that limitations to the cognitive system are taken into account.The current article reviews the cognitive challenges associated with the task of a CCTV operator: visual search and cognitive/perceptual overload, attentional failures, vulnerability to distraction, and decision-making in a dynamically evolving environment. While not directly applied to surveillance issues, we suggest that the NSEEV (noticingsalience, effort, expectancy, value) model of attention could provide a useful theoretical basis for understanding the challenges faced in detection and monitoring tasks. Having identified cognitive limitations of the human operator, this review sets out a research agenda for further understanding the cognitive functioning related to surveillance, and highlights the need to consider the human element at the design stage when developing technological solutions to security surveillance. General Audience SummaryHigh expectations are placed upon surveillance technologies to protect infrastructure and public places. While technological systems can automate some aspects of the surveillance process, the human operator is still ultimately responsible for detection of suspicious activities and decisionmaking. Thus, the optimal design and development of new technology should not focus solely on the capabilities of the system itself, but on supporting the operator's cognitive vulnerabilities.Observations and interviews with closed-circuit television personnel have previously highlighted several challenges with the task and control room environmentincluding information overload, distraction, and long work shiftswhich we review in terms of the cognitive science literature.We set out a research agenda to investigate these issues in relation to a recent psychological theory of detection, and suggest ways in which progress can be made regarding training of operators, visualization and workspace design, and the use of intelligent and automated systems. Challenges of security surveillance 4 See no evil: Cognitive challenges of security surveillance and monitoring What Is Surveillance?Surveillance can take many forms, such as monitoring of crowds (e.g., riots, lifeguarding), a particular individual (shoplifter, terrorism suspect, drug dealer), objects (vehicles, unattended baggage), infrastructure (both public and remote; e.g., government buildings, railways, hydroelectric dams), or computer systems (cyber-attacks), as well as radarbased monitoring and risk assessment such as that required by air traffic controllers or military personnel. These supervisory monitoring tasks are all similar in that they involve concentration for long periods on a complex and dynamically evolving sit...

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“…The Cognitive Solutions to Security Surveillance (CSSS) microworld was used to reproduce a surveillance environment (see Vachon et al, 2016). The main task of the CSSS microworld is to monitor eight CCTV camera-feeds simultaneously on an interface on which only six cameras can be displayed.…”

Section: Csss Microworldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who can best find Waldo? Exploring individual differences that bolster performance in a security surveillance microworld

Marois

Hodgetts

Chamberland

et al. 2021

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Closed-circuit television (CCTV) surveillance units largely rely on the support of surveillance operators. Although this job is cognitively challenging, few studies have investigated the main human factors improving the ability to detect critical incidents in this context. This study aimed to explore the contribution of individual characteristics and cognitive abilities to performance in a realistic CCTV monitoring simulation.Non-expert participants took part in a surveillance simulation and were screened on several measures of individual differences. Improved detection abilities and quicker speed of detection were related to lower age and to better knowledge of the area, cognitive flexibility, working memory, and visual/threat detection abilities. Moreover, more false alarms were associated with higher goal commitment but with lower working memory, visual/threat detection abilities, and cognitive flexibility. Results highlight the potential to screen for a series of cognitive and non-cognitive skills as part of personnel selection procedures for CCTV centers.

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The CSSS Microworld

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Real-Time Gaze-Aware Cognitive Support System for Security Surveillance

Real-Time Gaze-Aware Cognitive Support System for Security Surveillance

See no evil: Cognitive challenges of security surveillance and monitoring.

Who can best find Waldo? Exploring individual differences that bolster performance in a security surveillance microworld

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