The Current State of Immunity to Polioviruses in New South Wales

Murphy, A. M.; Hardie, Alison; Stout, Marilyn; Field, Peter R.; James, B. R.

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1972.tb92968.x

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Even so, it remains important to maintain herd immunity. Although the levels of immunity in this study, especially to poliovirus 3, are lower than in the earlier Victorian study, 11 they are much higher than those reported in serosurveys from NSW (in which the same laboratory method was used as in the present survey) in 1972, 1980 and 1982 [26][27][28] when there was no evidence that wild virus circulated. However, Finland experienced a small outbreak of type 3 infection in 1983 when only 60% of preschoolaged children were immune to type 3, 29 a similar level to that found in a small group of 101 vaccinated preschool-aged Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in north Queensland in 1995.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

National serosurvey of poliovirus immunity in Australia, 1996–99

Gidding

Backhouse

Gilbert

et al. 2005

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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This is the first national serosurvey for immunity to poliovirus in Australia. Herd immunity is probably sufficient to prevent generalised outbreaks due to type 1 and 2 poliovirus, but this may not be the case for type 3. However, localised outbreaks of any poliovirus type could still occur following reintroduction unless uniformly high levels of vaccination coverage are maintained. Ongoing serosurveillance is required following the recent change back to inactivated polio vaccine.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

National serosurvey of poliovirus immunity in Australia, 1996–99

Gidding

Backhouse

Gilbert

et al. 2005

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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“…22 Significantly lower completion rates of triple antigen were found in children of Yugoslav and Arabic but not Italian and Greek-speaking mothers, although these groups have been shown to have lower rates in other studies. 19,27,51 Aboriginality has also been said to be associated with some lower completion rates,20 although selected communities have very high rates. N o evidence of cost being a determining factor was found in the single study in which any difference was sought, even though government service was preferred to that of the general practitioner.16…”

Section: Socio-economic Cultural and Education Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunisation Patterns in Australia: The Present Situation and Suggested Future Strategies

Radford

1982

Community Health Studies

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The dramatic reduction in the morbidity and mortality rates for the common preventable infections, which are usually seen in children, and for which preventive immunisation is available, has lulled the public and the medical profession into a false sense of security. Whilst rates of immunisation with triple antigen and polio vaccines for urban populations are approaching adequacy to prevent epidemics, considerable numbers of individuals and groups of migrants, lower socio‐economic and rural people are inadequately protected. Measles, rubella and tetanus immunisation is markedly deficient throughout Australia. The methods for recording immunisation and the quality of information which parents and professionals hold are also inadequate. This paper reviews immunisation status in Australia, discusses socio‐economic, cultural, educational, professional, and political factors, and also suggests strategies for raising the current immunisation status.

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“…Neutralizing antibody titres to poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 in sera were determined in microtitre tray cultures of HEp 2 cells by the method of Murphy et al (1972). To facilitate comparison between the results of DS and ND subjects, preand post-immunization sera from all 56 subjects were titrated, in duplicate, under identical conditions in one run, with appropriate controls.…”

Section: Laboratory Testing Seramentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of institutionalized Down's syndrome subjects to enterovirus infections

Hawkes

Philbrook

Boughton

1980

J. Hyg.

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In a study comparing the responses of institutionalized Down's syndrome (DS) and non-Down's (ND) inmates to enterovirus infections, the frequency of wild enteric viruses and the excretion patterns of oral polio vaccine (OPV) viruses were similar in both groups. Antibody titres developed to poliovirus types 2 and 3 following vaccination were similar in DS and ND vaccinees, but the response to type I virus was significantly less in DS vaccinees. As judged by the development of poliovirus antibody in non-vaccinees, the spread of virus from OPV-immunized to unimmunized subjects in the institution was not noticeably different in DS and ND subjects. An unexpected finding was that the excretion patterns of all three serotypes of poliovirus were strikingly similar for each individual, although the patterns varied considerably from individual to individual. The similarity of excretion occurred despite wide differences within an individual in the titres of neutralizing serum antibodies to the three serotypes. It is suggested that the rate at which a given individual eliminates enteroviruses may be largely determined by factors, the activities of which are not reflected in serum antibody titres.

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The Current State of Immunity to Polioviruses in New South Wales

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

National serosurvey of poliovirus immunity in Australia, 1996–99

National serosurvey of poliovirus immunity in Australia, 1996–99

Immunisation Patterns in Australia: The Present Situation and Suggested Future Strategies

The response of institutionalized Down's syndrome subjects to enterovirus infections

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