The current status of the rotavirus vaccine

Jacobson, Robert M.

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00433-2

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…A typical case of rotavirus infection begins with nausea and vomiting, followed by explosive, watery diarrhea. A case of rotavirus infection that requires patient hospitalization is usually accompanied by fever [3,25,26]. In the present study, 27% of patients with rotavirus infection presented with vomiting, and 90% presented with watery diarrhea.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Rotavirus infections usually occur early in life (from 6 months to 2 years of age) [3,4,25,26]. Serological studies have demonstrated that 30% of infants are infected with rotavirus by age 9 months and that, in developing countries, virtually all children have been infected with rotavirus by 3-4 years of age [25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest incidence of rotavirus infection was among children aged 1-2 years (340 cases/1000 children/year). Widespread immunization of children against rotavirus before 6 months of age should be considered for the control of rotavirus diarrhea.Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in young children [1][2][3][4]. The percentage of hospitalizations for diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection varies globally (from 25% to 50%), and the risk for rotavirus infection is almost equal between children in developed countries and children in developing countries [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Incidence of Diarrhea Caused by Rotavirus Infections in Rural Zhengding, China: Prospective, Population‐Based Surveillance

et al. 2005

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Rotavirus is the pathogen most commonly associated with severe gastroenteritis in young children in the People's Republic of China, yet there are few population-based data on the incidence of rotavirus infection. The present study investigated the burden of rotavirus diarrhea and rotavirus infections in rural China, according to age. Population-based surveillance was used to study the incidence of rotavirus infection among children <5 years of age in 4 townships of Zhengding County, Hebei Province, China. The total population in the catchment area in 2002 was 75,630 individuals, including 2997 children aged <5 years. Stool samples were obtained and were tested for rotavirus antigen by use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. During 2002, a total of 2010 cases of diarrhea were detected among children <5 years of age. The incidence of treated cases of diarrhea was 671 cases/1000 children/year for children <5 years of age, and it was highest for children <12 months of age (1467 cases/1000 children/year). The estimated incidence of rotavirus infection was 151 cases/1000 children/year for children <5 years of age. The highest incidence of rotavirus infection was among children aged 1-2 years (340 cases/1000 children/year). Widespread immunization of children against rotavirus before 6 months of age should be considered for the control of rotavirus diarrhea.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of Diarrhea Caused by Rotavirus Infections in Rural Zhengding, China: Prospective, Population‐Based Surveillance

et al. 2005

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“…Based on the oral rehydration solution (ORS) recommen ded by World Health Organization (WHO) [10,11] , reduced osmolarity ORS [8] , addition of Lactobacillus GG to ORS [12,13] , and rice-based solution [14] have been used to treat this disease. Also, oral immunoglobulins was used as antiviral therapy [15,16] , and rotavirus candidate vaccines are developing [17] , in which a oral tetravalant, rhesus rotavirus-based, human reassortant vaccine has been licensed in USA [18] . To seek more effective and cheaper drugs to treat rotaviral diarrhea from Chinese medicinal herbs, we found that a Chinese traditional medical prescription named Qiwei Baizhu Powder (QWBZP) had been employed to treat acute diarrhea in infants and children for nearly one thousand years in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of rotaviral gastroenteritis with Qiwei Baizhu powder

He¹,

He²,

Wu³

et al. 2001

WJG

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AIM To observe the effects of Qiwei Baizhu Powder (QWBZP) on rotaviral gastroenteritis in children and in animal models.METHODS Enrolled patients were divided into two groups, and one group was treated with oral rehydration solution (ORS) and the other treat ed with oral liquid of QWBZP. Neonate mice were orally infected with 50 µ µ µ µ µL rotavirus suspension (4×10 8 PFU/mL) and treated with ORS or oral liquid of QWBZP, respectively.RESULTS Eighty-three cases of rotaviral gastroenteritis treated with QWBZP revealed a better efficacy than that treated with ORS (χ χ χ χ χ 2 = 10.87, P<0.05). The contents of sodium and glucose as well as number of patients with positive human rotavirus antigen in stool in QWBZP group were all less than that in ORS group. In a nimal models, QWBZP was found effective in treating rotavirus gastroenteritis in neonate NIH mice, as compared with control groups. In QWBZP group, the mortality of infected mice was decreased by 73.3%, the body weight of infected mice was increased, the contents of sodium and glucose as well as number of mice with positive rotavirus antigen in feces were significantly reduced, and the pathological changes such as damage of small intestinal mucosa and villi were also obviously alleviated.CONCLUSION QWBZP has effects on improving the absorptive function of small intestine, shortening the duration of diarrhea and rotavirus shedding from stool and alleviating the pathological changes of small intestine induced by rotavirus.Subject headings gastroenteritis/drug therapy; rotavirus infections/drug therapy; Qiwei baizhu powder/therapeutic use; disease models, animal

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“…Currently, 9 P serotypes and 10 G serotypes have been identified in humans (9,23,33,36). Natural immunity to rotavirus infection is thought to be serotype specific (15). Antibodies derived from a primary infection are described as homotypic and not sufficiently cross-reactive to prevent infection by heterotypic strains.…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of VP7-Encoding Genes: Fine Comparison of Irish and Global Rotavirus Isolates

et al. 2002

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A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) detection assay was developed to examine the genetic relationship(s) among VP7-encoding genes from 100 Irish rotavirus isolates and 30 randomly selected global rotavirus isolates (from the current databases). RFLP analysis of the VP7 gene segments was performed independently with three enzymes (RsaI, AluI, and EcoRV) in separate reactions by direct digestion of the DNA product amplified by reverse transcriptase (RT)-mediated PCR (RT-PCR) or by using computational methods. Thirty-six RFLP patterns were identified for all 130 strains, and of these, only nine patterns were associated with the Irish isolates. A correlation between the G type of the Irish isolates and certain single or combined enzyme profiles was apparent. These data suggested that the Irish wild-type rotavirus population was homogeneous and could be distinguished by RFLP analysis from global isolates of the same serotype(s). The deduced amino acid sequences of the VP7 RT-PCR products from six Irish isolates known to be of the G serotype revealed significant amino acid substitutions within major antigenic regions. In addition, these data identified the existence of at least two genetic lineages within serotype G1 strains which were distinguishable by RFLP analysis.

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The current status of the rotavirus vaccine

Cited by 12 publications

References 121 publications

Incidence of Diarrhea Caused by Rotavirus Infections in Rural Zhengding, China: Prospective, Population‐Based Surveillance

Incidence of Diarrhea Caused by Rotavirus Infections in Rural Zhengding, China: Prospective, Population‐Based Surveillance

Treatment of rotaviral gastroenteritis with Qiwei Baizhu powder

Application of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of VP7-Encoding Genes: Fine Comparison of Irish and Global Rotavirus Isolates

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