A low-cost CoMoP@C electrocatalyst exhibits high efficiency and stable HER performance superior to commercial 20% Pt/C, and can directly work in seawater for the HER with a Faradaic efficiency of 92.5%.

A 3D configuration of high-quality graphene sheets and a polyoxometalate [H7P8W48O184]33− showing excellent hydrogen evolution activity at extremely low overpotential.

A N-carbon coated P-modified W2C composite (P-W2C@NC), prepared by annealing a mixture of H3PW12O40and dicyandiamide, exhibits excellent HER electrocatalytic activity and durability over the whole pH range.