The cytochrome P450 superfamily: Key players in plant development and defense

Xu, Jingying; Wang, Xinyu; Guo, Wenshan

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(14)60980-1

Cited by 271 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 127 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“…However, while nanomolar concentrations of azoles are usually sufficient to inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis in fungi, micromolar concentrations or higher are often needed to obtain a similar inhibitory effect on phytosterol biosynthesis in plants and diatoms (Vanden Bossche et al, 1987; Fabris et al, 2014). The cytochrome P450s are a superfamily of enzymes (Xu et al, 2015), that are often sensitive to imidazoles (Murray, 1999). Of note is that azoles can be found or even designed that display a certain degree of preference towards specific cytochrome P450 enzymes.…”

Section: Chemical Inhibitors Of Key Steps In the Plant Sterol Biosyntmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of mutants and inhibitors to study sterol biosynthesis in plants

Vriese

Pollier

Goossens

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Section: Chemical Inhibitors Of Key Steps In the Plant Sterol Biosyntmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of mutants and inhibitors to study sterol biosynthesis in plants

Vriese

Pollier

Goossens

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…For example, 84 of the 343 P450 genes found within the japonica rice (cv Nipponbare) genome encode CYP71 members (Nelson & Werck-Reichhart, 2011). The CYP71 family includes enzymes exhibiting diverse activities associated with the biosynthesis and modification of mono-, di-and sesquiterpenoids, as well as indolic derivatives, cyanogenic glucosides, flavonoids, aldoximes and nitriles (Nelson & Werck-Reichhart, 2011;Hamberger & Bak, 2013;Xu et al, 2015). The functionally characterized S. bicolor enzymes within this family include CYP71E1 (Fig.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cytochrome P450 CYP71 enzyme expressed in Sorghum bicolor root hair cells participates in the biosynthesis of the benzoquinone allelochemical sorgoleone

et al. 2018

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Summary Sorgoleone, a major component of the hydrophobic root exudates of Sorghum spp., is probably responsible for many of the allelopathic properties attributed to members of this genus. Much of the biosynthetic pathway for this compound has been elucidated, with the exception of the enzyme responsible for the catalysis of the addition of two hydroxyl groups to the resorcinol ring.A library prepared from isolated Sorghum bicolor root hair cells was first mined for P450‐like sequences, which were then analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) to identify those preferentially expressed in root hairs. Full‐length open reading frames for each candidate were generated, and then analyzed biochemically using both a yeast expression system and transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. RNA interference (RNAi)‐mediated repression in transgenic S. bicolor was used to confirm the roles of these candidates in the biosynthesis of sorgoleone in planta.A P450 enzyme, designated CYP71AM1, was found to be capable of catalyzing the formation of dihydrosorgoleone using 5‐pentadecatrienyl resorcinol‐3‐methyl ether as substrate, as determined by gas chromatography‐mass spectroscopy (GC‐MS). RNAi‐mediated repression of CYP71AM1 in S. bicolor resulted in decreased sorgoleone contents in multiple independent transformant events.Our results strongly suggest that CYP71AM1 participates in the biosynthetic pathway of the allelochemical sorgoleone.

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“…Cytochrome P450 enzymes are a superfamily of heme-containing monoxygenases found in most biological systems, including mammals, insects and fungi as well as bacteria [1][2][3][4][5][6]. It is believed to be the most abundant enzyme family in the plant kingdom [7]. As of 2017, there have been over 39,400 sequences assigned across 236 species [8], and with many genomes yet to be sequenced, these numbers are projected to increase significantly over the next few years [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is believed to be the most abundant enzyme family in the plant kingdom [7]. As of 2017, there have been over 39,400 sequences assigned across 236 species [8], and with many genomes yet to be sequenced, these numbers are projected to increase significantly over the next few years [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biodegradation of Cosmetics Products: A Computational Study of Cytochrome P450 Metabolism of Phthalates

Reinhard

Visser

2017

Inorganics

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Cytochrome P450s are a broad class of enzymes in the human body with important functions for human health, which include the metabolism and detoxification of compounds in the liver. Thus, in their catalytic cycle, the P450s form a high-valent iron(IV)-oxo heme cation radical as the active species (called Compound I) that reacts with substrates through oxygen atom transfer. This work discusses the possible degradation mechanisms of phthalates by cytochrome P450s in the liver, through computational modelling, using 2-ethylhexyl-phthalate as a model substrate. Phthalates are a type of compound commonly found in the environment from cosmetics usage, but their biodegradation in the liver may lead to toxic metabolites. Experimental studies revealed a multitude of products and varying product distributions among P450 isozymes. To understand the regio-and chemoselectivity of phthalate activation by P450 isozymes, we focus here on the mechanisms of phthalate activation by Compound I leading to O-dealkylation, aliphatic hydroxylation and aromatic hydroxylation processes. We set up model complexes of Compound I with the substrate and investigated the reaction mechanisms for products using the density functional theory on models and did a molecular mechanics study on enzymatic structures. The work shows that several reaction barriers in the gas-phase are close in energy, leading to a mixture of products. However, when we tried to dock the substrate into a P450 isozyme, some of the channels were inaccessible due to unfavorable substrate positions. Product distributions are discussed under various reaction conditions and rationalized with valence bond and thermodynamic models.

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The cytochrome P450 superfamily: Key players in plant development and defense

Cited by 271 publications

References 127 publications

The use of mutants and inhibitors to study sterol biosynthesis in plants

The use of mutants and inhibitors to study sterol biosynthesis in plants

A cytochrome P450 CYP71 enzyme expressed in Sorghum bicolor root hair cells participates in the biosynthesis of the benzoquinone allelochemical sorgoleone

Biodegradation of Cosmetics Products: A Computational Study of Cytochrome P450 Metabolism of Phthalates

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