The Daily Inventory of Stressful Events: An Interview-Based Approach for Measuring Daily Stressors

Almeida, David M.; Wethington, Elaine; Kessler, Ronald C.

doi:10.1177/1073191102009001006

Cited by 398 publications

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“…Daily stressors were assessed using the Daily Inventory of Stressful Events (DISE: Almeida, Wethington, & Kessler, 2002). The DISE is a semi-structured interview in which participants report whether any of a series of events had occurred within the past 24 hours.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reported exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors: The roles of adult age and global perceived stress.

Stawski

Sliwinski

Almeida

et al. 2008

Psychology and Aging

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A central goal of daily stress research is to identify resilience and vulnerability factors associated with exposure and reactivity to daily stressors. The current study examined how age differences and global perceptions of stress relate to exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors. Sixty-seven younger (M age = 20) and 116 older (M age = 80) adults completed a daily stress diary and measures of positive and negative affect on 6 days over a 14 day period. Participants also completed a measure of global perceived stress. Results revealed that reported exposure to daily stressors is reduced in old age, but that emotional reactivity to daily stressors did not differ between young and older adults. Global perceived stress was associated with greater reported exposure to daily stressors in old adults, and greater stress-related increases in negative affect in younger adults. Furthermore, across days on which daily stressors were reported, intraindividual variability in the number and severity of stressors reported was associated with increased negative affect, but only among younger adults. KeywordsAging; Stress; Emotion; Emotional Reactivity The experience of both major life events and daily stressors has been linked to numerous negative physical health outcomes, as well as mental health and psychological well-being (Baum & Posluzny, 1999;Grzywacz, Almeida, Neupert & Ettner, 2004;Kiecolt-Glaser, McGuire, Robles, & Glaser, 2002;Pinquart & Sorensen, 2003). In contrast to major life events, which are relatively rare, daily stressors (or "hassles") are minor stressors that occur with greater frequency and represent proximal aspects of stress in individuals' daily lives and environments. There has been increased interest in examining factors associated with exposure and reactivity to daily stressors in order to identify risk-and protective-factors (Almeida, 2005). Furthermore, it is important to understand who is at risk for experiencing daily stressors, as well what factors exacerbate (or protect against) reactivity to these events, because these minor hassles could have long-lasting, detrimental effects on physical and mental health (Lazarus, 1999;Zautra, 2003). The current study was conducted to examine reported exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors in younger (e.g., in their 20s) and older (e.g., in their 80s) adults, and the role of one's perceived stress in exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors.Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Robert S. Stawski, Pennsylvania State University -Gerontology Center, 135 E. Nittany Ave., Suite 405, State College, PA 16801, Ph: 814.865.7374, Fax: 814.863.9423, rss24@psu.edu, or Recent studies have shown that age plays an important role in daily stress processes (Mroczek & Almeida, 2004;Sliwinski, Smyth, Hofer & Stawski, 2006), and understanding the role of age in exposure and reactivity to daily stressors is important because it can help characterize daily experiences and well-being across the lifespan. Furth...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reported exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors: The roles of adult age and global perceived stress.

Stawski

Sliwinski

Almeida

et al. 2008

Psychology and Aging

Self Cite

247

275

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Answering format was dichotomous: no (1)-yes (2). This item was taken from the Daily Inventory of Stressful Events (DISE; Almeida et al 2002). The same assessment strategy was applied in earlier social support research (Bolger et al 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No mark was coded 1, having received support from this source was coded 2. These sources were also taken from the DISE (Almeida et al 2002). As only those individuals who had received support answered the sources of support items, there was a relatively high amount of logical missing values per day: Seven individuals (17 %) indicated to have never received support at all during the 30 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between received social support and positive and negative affect: evidence for age differences from a daily-diary study

et al. 2012

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Recent evidence suggests negative associations between received social support and emotional well-being. So far, these studies mainly focused on younger adults. Quantity and quality of social support changes with age; therefore, this study investigated whether there are age differences regarding the association between received social support and positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA). Moreover, it was tested whether these age effects might be due to a differential effectiveness of different sources of support for younger and older individuals. Forty-two individuals (21 younger adults, aged 21-40 and 21 older adults, aged 61-73) completed 30-daily diaries on their received social support, PA/NA and the sources of support provision. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Results indicated age-related differential effects: for younger individuals, received social support was negatively associated with indicators of emotional well-being, whereas these associations were positive for older respondents. Regarding NA, these effects held when testing lagged predictions and controlling for previous-day affect. No age differences emerged regarding the associations between different sources of support and indicators of affect. Conceptual implications of these age-differential findings are discussed.

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“…Daily phone interviews assessed the stressful events of that day, using the Daily Inventory of Stressful Experiences (DISE; Almeida, Wethington, & Kessler, 2002). The DISE is a semi-structured interview that was developed on a nationally representative sample of adults; it includes seven stem questions assessing the occurrence of stressors, including having and avoiding arguments, as well as stressors that occur in various domains of life (e.g., work/ school/volunteering, family, health, etc.).…”

Section: Scd and Intra-individual Variability In Daily Negative Affectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextualized Self‐Representations in Adulthood

Diehl

Hay

2007

Journal of Personality

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Theorizing has focused on individuals' self-representations as a psychological resource for coping with life stress and developmental challenges in adulthood. Many of the prominent theories have conceptualized self-representations with regard to specific social contexts (e.g., role-specific selfrepresentations) and have examined specific structural organizations of the self-concept with regard to psychological adjustment. This article describes research on the associations between self-concept structures and psychological well-being in adulthood. Specific emphasis is given to the feature of self-concept differentiation (SCD). Most research suggests that a high level of SCD tends to indicate self-fragmentation and tends to be associated with poorer adjustment and psychological well-being. Findings from a daily diary study with adults of all ages are reported showing that different levels of SCD were in a consistent and meaningful way related to the daily endorsement of positive and negative self-attributes. Daily self-representations, in turn, were significantly related to individuals' level of daily negative affect and to intra-individual variation in negative affect. These findings suggest that SCD may exert its effect on adjustment and psychological well-being through specific ways of processing self-related information.The last two decades have seen important extensions of self-concept theory into research on adult development and aging (Brandtstädter & Greve, 1994;Filipp & Klauer, 1986;Markus & Herzog, 1991). In particular, theorists have focused on individuals' self-representations as a psychological resource for coping with the challenges of adulthood and old age (Brandtstädter & Greve, 1994;Freund & Smith, 1999;Greve & Wentura, 2003). 1 Many of these conceptualizations have focused on adults' self-representations with regard to specific social contexts (e.g., role-specific self-representations) and have examined the associations of different structural organizations of contextualized self-representations with different indicators of psychological adjustment (Campbell, Assanand, & DiPaula, 2003;Kling, Ryff, & Essex, 1997;Linville, 1987;Showers, Abramson, & Hogan, 1998). This article has three major parts. First, we will review the theoretical and empirical reasons that have served as background for studying contextualized self-representations in adulthood. Second, we will review research focusing on the associations between different self-concept organizations and indicators of psychological adjustment. In this review, we will highlight only some of the major findings with regard to certain self-concept organizations and will focus specifically on the associations of self-concept differentiation (SCD) and measures of psychological well-being. Third, we will present findings from cross-sectional studies and from a daily diary study examining the effect of SCD and daily self-representations on daily affect.Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Manfred Diehl, Human Development...

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The Daily Inventory of Stressful Events: An Interview-Based Approach for Measuring Daily Stressors

Cited by 398 publications

References 0 publications

Reported exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors: The roles of adult age and global perceived stress.

Reported exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors: The roles of adult age and global perceived stress.

Associations between received social support and positive and negative affect: evidence for age differences from a daily-diary study

Contextualized Self‐Representations in Adulthood

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