The decline of the itinerant milpa and the maintenance of traditional agrobiodiversity: Crops and weeds coexistence in a tropical cloud forest area in Oaxaca, Mexico

Pérez-García, Oscar; Castillo, Rafael F. del

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2016.05.002

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The climate is semiwarm humid and temperate wet (INEGI 2005). Precipitation ranges from 1,200 to 2,000 mm (INEGI 2005), is common throughout the year but reaches maximum levels in summer (Pérez-García & Del Castillo 2016). Middle temperature ranges from 16 to 22 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Middle temperature ranges from 16 to 22 °C. The altitude ranges from 900 to 2,400 meters above sea level, The landscape is composed of riparian vegetation, pine forest, pine-oak forest, cloud montane forest, secondary vegetation and cultivated areas like milpa and coffee fields, (Del Castillo & Blanco-Macías 2007, Pérez-García & Del Castillo 2016.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the above, shade-grown coffee represents the majority of economic income for the local farmers (Nader 1964). The mosaic of natural vegetation with interspersed cultivated areas ( Figure 2) is due to slash-and-burn systems (Pérez-García & Del Castillo 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly for milpa, the peasants of Las Delicias classify the land according to altitude and climate, in which the 'tierra fría' (cold land) is found at higher elevations with pine, oak and cloud forest and the 'tierra caliente' (hot land) is found at lower elevations. This classification is also used in other communities, such as the Zapotec and Chinantec in Oaxaca and Purépecha from Michoacan, whose classification of the territory is related to the productive cycle and soil quality (Mateos-Maces et al 2016, Pérez-García & Del Castillo 2016, Pulido & Bocco 2016. As well as that of the ekuaro system in the same region (Franco-Gaona et al 2016).…”

Section: Foragementioning

confidence: 99%

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Agroforestry systems of a Zapotec community in the Northern Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico

et al. 2020

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Agroforestry systems have cultural, economic, social, and biodiversity conservation significance and are essential for the subsistence of communities.Is there a difference in the richness, management and use of useful plants present in the agroforestry systems (home gardens, coffee plantations, and milpa)? What is the influence of sociodemographic factors on the distribution of traditional knowledge regarding plants of these systems?Las Delicias, municipality of Juquila Vijanos, Sierra Norte of Oaxaca, Mexico, from January 2016 to May 2018. Visits to three agroforestry systems and semistructured interviews with 30 families to learn how they use the plants and to calculate the use value (UV) for each species. The similarity of floristic composition between agroforestry systems and the influence of sociodemographic factors (age, gender, schooling, economic activity and language) in the traditional plant knowledge was evaluated. The methods used were chi squared and proportions analyses, and a generalized linear analysis with Poisson distribution.The three agroforestry systems consisted of 211 of useful plants; home gardens and coffee plantations had a greater similarity in floristic composition; the dissimilarity of the milpa agroecosystem is related to seasonality. The plants with higher UVs were those with multiple uses, and are found mainly in coffee plantations. Production in these spaces is complemented to satisfy the needs of the inhabitants. Gender and economic activity are factors that influence the distribution of traditional knowledge.Agroforestry systems provide a species richness differentiated for specific purposes but complementary to each other. coffee plantation, home gardens, milpa, use value. ResumenLos sistemas agroforestales tradicionales tienen una importancia cultural, económica, social y en conservación de la biodiversidad; son esenciales en la subsistencia de las comunidades. ¿Existe diferencia en la riqueza, manejo y uso de plantas útiles presentes en los sistemas agroforestales (huertos familiares, cafetales, milpa)? ¿Cuál es la influencia de los factores sociodemográficos en la distribución del conocimiento tradicional sobre las plantas de estos sistemas?Las Delicias, municipio de Juquila Vijanos, Sierra Norte de Oaxaca, México; de enero de 2016 a mayo de 2018. Recorridos por tres sistemas agroforestales y entrevistas semiestructuradas a 30 familias, para calcular el Valor de Uso de cada especie vegetal. Se evaluó la similitud de la composición florística entre los sistemas agroforestales y la influencia de factores sociodemográficos (edad, sexo, escolaridad, ocupación e idioma) en el conocimiento tradicional de plantas, mediante pruebas de Ji cuadrada, de proporciones y de un modelo lineal generalizado con distribución Poisson.Los sistemas agroforestales estudiados conservan 211 especies vegetales útiles; los huertos familiares y los cafetales tienen una mayor similitud florística; la disimilitud del sistema milpa se relaciona con su temporalidad. Las plantas con mayor Valor de Uso fuero...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Foragementioning

confidence: 99%

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Agroforestry systems of a Zapotec community in the Northern Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico

et al. 2020

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“…Dependence on financing and acquisition of inputs reduces the autonomy of productive units. When it occurs, the partial productive intensification results from stimuli related to rural credit or subsidies, or from restrictions on forest legislation, land tenure, migration, investment capacity or market requirements (Bautista;Smit, 2012;Gaona;León;Valverde, 2012;Lestrelin et al, 2012;Rahman;Rahman;Sunderland, 2012;Pérez-García;del Castillo, 2016;Kovacic;Viteri Salazar, 2017). There are researchers who defend mixing traditional and modern agricultural technologies as an alternative to increase production and sustainability (Stavi;Bel;Zaady, 2016).…”

Section: Conventional Intensification Of Farming Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable productive intensification for family farming in developing tropical countries

et al. 2019

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In the past, agriculture was directed to satisfying human needs. Nowadays, it is directed to meeting the markets, forcing the peasantries to adapt to this condition. As a result, family farmers are multifaceted, incorporating both subsistence and market-oriented production. Traditional farming systems have been challenged since there is a pressure for the intensification of these systems. Then, it is important that scientific research about them goes on to recognize that many family farmers use limited resource bases. However, innovation and intensification are permanent needs of agriculture, although they must be adjusted to different contexts, respecting the cultural legacy of family farmers as a prerequisite for achieving the development. RESUMONo passado, a agricultura era direcionada para satisfazer as necessidades humanas. Hoje em dia, é direcionada para atender os mercados, forçando o campesinato a se adaptar a essa condição. Como resultado, os agricultores familiares se tornaram multifacetados, incorporando tanto a produção de subsistência quanto aquela orientada para o mercado. Os sistemas agrícolas tradicionais foram desafiados, uma vez que existe uma pressão para a intensificação desses sistemas. Então, é importante que a pesquisa científica sobre eles continue para reconhecer que muitos agricultores familiares usam bases de recursos limitadas. Contudo, inovação e intensificação são necessidades permanentes da agricultura, embora elas devam ser ajustadas a diferentes contextos, respeitando o legado cultural dos agricultores familiares como pré-requisito para alcançar o desenvolvimento. Termos para indexação: Sistemas agrícolas; sustentabilidade; agricultor familiar; capitalismo; produção de alimentos.

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Distant political‐economic forces and global‐to‐local pathway to impacts on forests of Ejido landscapes across Yucatán, México

2019

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Indigenous community land tenure in many locations worldwide is shifting towards individually parcelized and privatized systems. Among the drivers of this shifting land tenure are distant political-economic forces and commodity markets, from local to global. Accompanying the observed land tenure changes are shifts in livelihoods, away from subsistence-based and toward market-oriented activities. These changes can ultimately impact land use, land cover, and biodiversity conservation. We investigated a global-to-local causal pathway, from agriculture, livestock, and forestry production for distant markets, extending through shifting land tenure and livelihoods, to impacts on forest cover within ejidos (a type of community landholding) across Yucatán, México, where Maya people are the primary land managers. To reveal this causal pathway, we conducted exploratory data analysis, using ordinary least squares regression, mapped variables, and variographic analyses to assess spatial patterns and correlations. We further explored relationships among variables using spatially explicit simultaneous autoregressive models. We found that commodity production for distant markets is strongly related to parcelized ejido lands, which in turn are often deforested. Conversely, community-managed lands, which traditionally involve subsistence-based agroforestry, are much more likely to be densely forested.Overall, we conclude that recent deforestation of ejido lands across the State is, at least partly, the result of shifting land tenure and livelihoods due to the increasing presence of commodity markets. Moreover, we conclude that community-managed lands and associated subsistence livelihoods can attenuate deforestation and potentially advance forest and biodiversity conservation across México and elsewhere.

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The decline of the itinerant milpa and the maintenance of traditional agrobiodiversity: Crops and weeds coexistence in a tropical cloud forest area in Oaxaca, Mexico

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Agroforestry systems of a Zapotec community in the Northern Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico

Agroforestry systems of a Zapotec community in the Northern Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico

Sustainable productive intensification for family farming in developing tropical countries

Distant political‐economic forces and global‐to‐local pathway to impacts on forests of Ejido landscapes across Yucatán, México

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