Abstract. In this paper, we investigate the location of the branching degrees within the recursively enumerable (r.e.) degrees. We show that there is a branching degree below any given nonzero r.e. degree and, using a new branching degree construction and a technique of Robinson, that there is a branching degree above any given low r.e. degree. Our results extend work of Shoenfield and Soare and Lachlan on the generalized nondiamond question and show that the branching degrees form an automorphism base for the r.e. degrees.1. Introduction. In [1] we began a program of taking certain natural and important definable subclasses of the recursively enumerable (r.e.) degrees and studying their relation to the r.e. degrees as a whole. Our hope is that this program will tend to illuminate uniformities in the structure of the r.e. degrees, just as early work in the field (e.g. the Sacks' Splitting and Density Theorems) did, rather than demonstrate pathological aspects of the structure.In [1], the particular class of r.e. degrees considered was the nonbranching degrees. We were able to obtain a strong uniformity result there, namely, that the nonbranching degrees are dense in the r.e. degrees. In the present paper we consider the branching degrees, the class complementary to the nonbranching degrees, and give certain uniformity results concerning this class of degrees. The techniques involved are more complicated than those required in [1]. Before describing our results, we give the definition and discuss previous results concerning branching degrees. Definition 1.1. An r.e. degree is branching if it is the infimum of two incomparable r.e. degrees.