The Department of Defense Requirements for Engineering Information Systems (EIS). Volume 2. Requirements.

Linn, Joseph L.; Winner, Robert I.

doi:10.21236/ada176154

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Constituent elements bear several types of relationships with one another, which also are part of the artifact description. Relationships include composition (A consists-of B; B is-part-of A), cross-representation (A transform from/to B), and utility (A uses B; B is-used-by A) (Linn & Winner, 1986). …”

Section: Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, while Figure 22 shows only first-and a few second-order links, more elaborate networks are imaginable. Standards for information models are the subjects of great interest (Linn & Winner, 1986;Salzberg & Watkins, 1990;Rangan & Fulton, 1991;Winner et al, 1988).…”

Section: Technological Demands Of the Design Information Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both basic and applied research into the design process experienced substantial upswings (American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986;Finger & Dixon, 1989a, b;Mostow, 1985;Rouse & Boff, 1987;Steier, 1990). Managerial interventions such as Total Quality Management and concurrent engineering came into vogue (Linn & Winner, 1986;Rosenblatt & Viatson, 1991;Salzberg & Watkins, 1990;Winner, et al, 1988). Many prescriptions for how to design products emerged in the public and proprietary literature (Emery & Parks, 1987;Linton, 1987;Pahl & Beitz, 1984;Rouse, 1991;Suri & Shimizu, 1989;Whitney, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, cases of system-specific information that failed to transfer from one area to another within the same organization were equally common (Winner, et al, 1988). The latter of these anomalies suggested a "stovepipes" image of groups within design organizations, and helped create the impetus for concurrent engineering initiatives (Linn & Winner, 1986). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the systemic character of designed artifacts. This effect emphasizes the need for dependency tracking, version control, and change control, issues that have received a great deal of attention in engineering information systems in terms of storage requirements, tagging, security and other artifact-related matters (Linn & Winner, 1986;Roussopoulos et al, 1991;Salzberg & Watkins, 1990;Winner et al, 1988). We only add here that they suggest support requirements for the designer as well.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Automated Information Management for Designers: Functional Requirements for Computer Based Associates That Support Access and Use of Technical Information in Design

Cody¹,

Rouse²,

Boff³

1993

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response. including the time for reviewing instructions. searching existing data sources. gatherq a•nd maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)The purpose of this program was to analyze the process of complex system design to determine why designers often fail to consider potentially valuable technical information in making design decisions.Based on this analysis, the goal was to define functional requirements for a new class of supports that will enhance designers' access and use of such information.Termed Designer's Associates, these supports derive from a thorough understanding of designer's tasks and the services that intelligent computing technologies make possible.14. The purpose of this program was to analyze the process of complex system design to determine why designers often fail to consider potentially valuable technical information in making design decisions. Based on this analysis, the goal was to define functional requirements for a new class of supports that will enhance designers' access and use of such information. Termed Designer's Associates, these supports derive from a thorough understanding of designers' tasks and the services that intelligent computing technologies make possible.Relevant design information exists in a variety of places, expressed in many forms, of varying quality, etc. It includes both system-specific and system-independent elements. Information also tends to be distributed across "data islands," making availability a problem. The designer may not be aware of, misinterpret, or not value relevant information that could improve his decisions. For better or worse, each designer assesses the costs and benefits associated with information access, and acts in accord with this evaluation. A poor evaluation can effectively block information from affecting design choices. The surrounding milieu, which is composed of co-workers, organizations and technology, can interfere with access and use in a variety of direct and subtle ways.One approach for improving information access and utilization is through use of a new concept in intelligent computer-based supports called "mixed-initiative support systems." In these systems, decision-making authority and task performance can be delegated to machine intelligence to augment human performance. Based on successful application of mixed-initiative systems in the aviation and process control domains, we examine the prospects for applying this technology to information access and use in design. We consider technological needs, system architecture, and how such a support system might be evaluated. The effort involved our examining the processes by which complex systems evolve, with most examples taken from military aircraft and aircr...

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Section: Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Technological Demands Of the Design Information Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%