The design and application of an in-laboratory diffraction-enhanced x-ray imaging instrument

Nesch, Ivan; Fogarty, Daniel P.; Tzvetkov, Tochko; Reinhart, Benjamin; Walus, A. Charles; Khelashvili, Gocha; Muehleman, Carol; Chapman, Dean

doi:10.1063/1.3213621

Cited by 44 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Comparing single-distance PBI and single rocking-angle DEI of mouse and rabbit lungs indicates that DEI yields images of superior contrast than those for PBI, and both techniques show a significant contrast improvement over conventional absorption radiographs (11). The use of DEI with laboratory sources suffers from low monochromatic flux and the resulting long exposure times, which are not compatible with in vivo imaging applications (21,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Schleede

Meinel²,

Bech

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

174

128

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In early stages of various pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema and fibrosis, the change in X-ray attenuation is not detectable with absorption-based radiography. To monitor the morphological changes that the alveoli network undergoes in the progression of these diseases, we propose using the dark-field signal, which is related to small-angle scattering in the sample. Combined with the absorption-based image, the dark-field signal enables better discrimination between healthy and emphysematous lung tissue in a mouse model. All measurements have been performed at 36 keV using a monochromatic laser-driven miniature synchrotron X-ray source (Compact Light Source). In this paper we present grating-based dark-field images of emphysematous vs. healthy lung tissue, where the strong dependence of the dark-field signal on mean alveolar size leads to improved diagnosis of emphysema in lung radiographs.

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mentioning

confidence: 94%

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Schleede

Meinel²,

Bech

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

174

128

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“…Kitchen et al [9] and Khelashvili et al [10] showed that the origin of the angular spreading of the X-ray beam was multiple-refractions of the beam. Of utmost importance to the clinical translation of DEI, Parham et al [11 •• ] and Nesch et al [12] have shown that DEI contrast is maintained when an X-ray tube source is used, and Deimoz et al have demonstrated that DEI has enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared to gratingbased PCI when imaging at higher X-ray energies [13]. Mammography DEI's enhanced soft tissue contrast is of particular importance in mammography.…”

Section: Proof-of-principle Dei Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two competing approaches to X-ray tube-based DEI have been proposed and pre-clinical prototypes of these systems have been reported by Parham et al [11 •• ] and Nesch et al [12]. Parham's DEI system utilizes symmetric crystals to generate a slot X-ray beam DEI system while Nesch's system utilizes asymmetric crystals to produce an area X-ray beam.…”

Section: Clinical Translation Of Deimentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffraction-Enhanced Imaging

Connor

Zhong

2014

Curr Radiol Rep

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Diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI), sometimes referred to as analyzer-based imaging, is an emerging phase contrast X-ray imaging modality that generates exquisite soft tissue contrast at a vastly reduced absorbed radiation dose relative to absorption-based radiography for imaging applications, which include mammography and assessment of cartilage and lung damage. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in the field of DEI. These include assessment of liver fibrosis, evaluation of the orientation and degree of anisotropy in bone microarchitecture, and assessment of emphysema. We will summarize the state of the clinical translation of DEI and discuss barriers to the clinical translation of DEI and potential ways to overcome these barriers.Keywords Diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI) Á Analyzer-based imaging (ABI) Á Multiple image radiography (MIR) Á Phase contrast imaging Á Radiography Á X-ray vector radiography Á X-ray tensor tomography

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“…23,24 Analyzer-based imaging has mostly been performed using a synchrotron light source, but is being developed for use with X-ray tube sources. 25 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of Poly(α-hydroxy-ester) Scaffolds with X-ray Phase-Contrast Microcomputed Tomography

Appel

Larson

Somo

et al. 2012

Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods

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Porous scaffolds based on poly(a-hydroxy-esters) are under investigation in many tissue engineering applications. A biological response to these materials is driven, in part, by their three-dimensional (3D) structure. The ability to evaluate quantitatively the material structure in tissue-engineering applications is important for the continued development of these polymer-based approaches. X-ray imaging techniques based on phase contrast (PC) have shown a tremendous promise for a number of biomedical applications owing to their ability to provide a contrast based on alternative X-ray properties (refraction and scatter) in addition to X-ray absorption. In this research, poly(a-hydroxy-ester) scaffolds were synthesized and imaged by X-ray PC microcomputed tomography. The 3D images depicting the X-ray attenuation and phase-shifting properties were reconstructed from the measurement data. The scaffold structure could be imaged by X-ray PC in both cell culture conditions and within the tissue. The 3D images allowed for quantification of scaffold properties and automatic segmentation of scaffolds from the surrounding hard and soft tissues. These results provide evidence of the significant potential of techniques based on X-ray PC for imaging polymer scaffolds. A typical approach involves combinations of biomaterial scaffolds, soluble factors, and cells to promote vascularized tissue formation. Polymeric scaffolds often play a critical role in the success of a tissue engineering therapy, as they provide structural support and mechanical strength, and can directly influence tissue response based on physical, mechanical, and chemical signaling. The physical structure of these scaffolds is critical to their success, and quantitative three-dimensional (3D) imaging tools are needed that enable a more thorough analysis of tissue engineering scaffolds.Poly(a-hydroxy esters), including poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), are some of the most widely investigated biomaterials and have been studied in a broad range of tissue engineering applications.2-5 A variety of techniques are available for generating scaffolds with an interconnected porous structure and tunable degradation kinetics. Success in a particular tissue engineering application requires choosing the appropriate polymer, porous structure, mechanical properties, and the degradation rate of these materials. Degradation of PLGA and PLLA in vitro has been extensively studied in an attempt to predict behavior in the body.6-13 However, tracking 3D tissue invasion and material degradation in vitro and in vivo without sample alteration is very important for assessing the efficacy of the tissue engineering strategy. Current methods employed in tissue engineering are invasive, require sample destruction, and provide only 2D images. Recently, a multiagency government working group (MultiAgency Tissue Engineering Science Interagency Working Group) identified imaging technologies for a 3D analysis of polymeric scaffolds and engineered tissues as a...

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The design and application of an in-laboratory diffraction-enhanced x-ray imaging instrument

Cited by 44 publications

References 37 publications

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Diffraction-Enhanced Imaging

Imaging of Poly(α-hydroxy-ester) Scaffolds with X-ray Phase-Contrast Microcomputed Tomography

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