The determination of carbon monoxide in blood and tissue

Blackmore, D. J.

doi:10.1039/an9709500439

Cited by 58 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…This is surprising given the critical conditions needed to ensure reproducible results. 31 Although the method still survives in some laboratories, a recent comparative survey 37 carried out among136 UKNEQAS participants concluded that the method was no longer acceptable due to its poor precision.…”

Section: Differential Protein Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 This allows a theoretical calculation of the carbon monoxide volume in a 100% carboxylated sample.…”

Section: Gas-chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are mixed with haemolytic agents such as detergents and saponin to bring about complete lysis and fragmentation of the red cell membrane. Blackmore 31 de¢ned the conditions for complete decarboxylation.…”

Section: Gas-chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood more than a week old takes much longer to become fully carboxylated. 31 The usual procedure is to dilute the blood with saline, centrifuge and then haemolyse the red cells with a borate bu¡er. A 0% COHb calibrant is prepared by bubbling air through one portion of the diluted and haemolysed blood for about 10 min to dissociate any COHb.…”

Section: Preparation Of Calibrantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of carbon monoxide

Widdop

2002

Ann Clin Biochem

100

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The degree of exposure to carbon monoxide is most often assessed by measuring the blood carboxyhaemoglobin saturation. This measurement is relevant to investigations of acute accidental or deliberate poisoning and of chronic exposure in a domestic or work place environment. Simple spectrophotometric methods based on differential protein precipitation or dithionite reduction are prone to interference from other haemoglobin pigments and are imprecise for low-level estimations. Automated spectrophotometric devices (CO-oximeters) that estimate simultaneously total haemoglobin, percentage oxyhaemoglobin and percentage carboxyhaemoglobin have acceptable accuracy for carboxyhaemoglobin saturation levels of 45% and are recommended for most clinical purposes. For the investigation of low-level exposure and the detection of increased haemolysis in neonates, more sensitive methods involving the release of carbon monoxide and its measurement by gas chromatography are required. Gas chromatographic methods are also appropriate when examining post-mortem blood samples where putrefaction or heat stress has resulted in a signi cant change in haemoglobin composition.

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Section: Differential Protein Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 This allows a theoretical calculation of the carbon monoxide volume in a 100% carboxylated sample.…”

Section: Gas-chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gas-chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Calibrantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of carbon monoxide

Widdop

2002

Ann Clin Biochem

100

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“…As clinical effects only depend upon the concentration of CO entering the body, the sensitivity and reproducibility of the method used for the determination of COHb levels below % 10 is very important (8,14). There are at least 133 successful methods for the determination of CO in blood (9) but only a few them are convenient for the environmental and industrial application (3,31).…”

Section: Nevin Vural Zeynep Motaceded**mentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of Carboxyhemoglobin Determination by Microspectrophotometric Method and Application of The Method to Workers Occupationally Exposed to Carbon Monoxide : Mikrospektrofotometrik Yönteml

Vural¹,

Motaceded²

1984

Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi

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Carbon monoxide (CO) is a toxic gas known since prehistoric times when man first discovered fire. Accidental CO poisonings due to incomplete combustion of organic materials used for making fire or due to exposure to natural CO sources first reported by LEWIJ (29) and others (28). Although the main source of CO is incomplete burning of materials, several natural sources of CO in both biological (1,2,32) and nonbiological origin (11) have also been identified.As civilization developed and modern techniques spread over larger areas, the sources of CO increased both around our occupational and nonoccupational environment. In many countries the incidence of acute CO intoxications stili take the second place (21) while in some, the total number of deaths due to CO approaches the number of deaths because of other chemicals (15).The signs and symptoms of acute CO intoxication are well known and they only appear with carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels above 10 %. But these levels are seldom met in subjects exposed to traffic exhaust or industrical CO sources occupationally. As

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The Morbid Anatomist's Role in Drug Detection

Gee

1974

Novartis Foundation Symposia

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The determination of carbon monoxide in blood and tissue

Abstract: The determination of carboxyhaemoglobin in blood and tissue taken a t post-mortem is examined. Spectrophotometric and differential protein precipitation techniques have been found to be unsatisfactory. The use of gas chromatography has been studied and is found to be the method of choice.

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of carbon monoxide

Analysis of carbon monoxide

Standardization of Carboxyhemoglobin Determination by Microspectrophotometric Method and Application of The Method to Workers Occupationally Exposed to Carbon Monoxide : Mikrospektrofotometrik Yönteml

The Morbid Anatomist's Role in Drug Detection

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