The Determination of Motored Engine Friction by Use of Pressurized ‘Shunt’ Pipe between Exhaust and Intake Manifolds

Caruana, Carl; Farrugia, Mario; Sammut, Gilbert

doi:10.4271/2018-01-0121

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Related to mechanical losses, these are composed by the rubbing friction of all the moving pairs, the pumping work due to the intake and exhaust process backpressure and the power needed to drive the auxiliary systems [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Only the friction losses consume 4−15 % of the energy provided by the fuel [8], i.e., that by reducing the mechanical loss is possible to improve the net engine efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test bench development and implementation for experimental determination of mechanical losses in single cylinder internal combustion engines

Romero Piedrahita,

Monroy Jaramillo,

Ramírez Alzate

2023

Eureka: PE

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As mechanical efficiency has great relevance in the alternative engine performance, the authors research in the development of testing facilities to characterize the sources of engine mechanical losses. The present paper deals with the realization of a hardware platform to conduct experimental studies in small combustion engines to experimentally characterize the mechanical losses of a single-cylinder internal combustion engine by means of the indicated diagram and motoring methods. The system was completed by means of an electrical motor-generator coupled to a single-cylinder air-cooled spark ignition engine, a self-developed electronic hardware control, and a PC-based instrumentation and data acquisition system. Specifications of load-motoring-starting system, including the description of the proprietary electronic load regulation system, are detailed. Also, the instrumentation system of in-cylinder and intake pressures; Temperatures of intake air, exhaust gases, lubricant oil, and engine block; effective torque and crankshaft position are described, including the signal acquisition system. The methodologies for indicated diagram and motoring method are described, mentioning the required measurements to apply each method and the engine load-temperature considerations when an engine is tested in fired or motored conditions. The platform was used to study the mechanical losses of the engine under motored and fired conditions under a wide range of rotational speeds and throttle openings, allowing to draw conclusions about the operating features of the developed test bench in itself, and also about the mechanical losses of the engine tested. Initially, samples of cylinder pressure, torque, intake pressure as function of crank angle and indicate diagram were obtained, showing similar waveforms present in related literature. Then, variations of the aforementioned temperatures against rotation speed and throttle opening and results for the mechanical losses determined by indicated diagram and motoring methods are shown. Finally, two empirical correlations are proposed to estimate the mechanical losses. In the future the hardware platform will be utilized to investigate in-cylinder engine parameters, detailed thermal and mechanical engine performance

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test bench development and implementation for experimental determination of mechanical losses in single cylinder internal combustion engines

Romero Piedrahita,

Monroy Jaramillo,

Ramírez Alzate

2023

Eureka: PE

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“…External charging is able to create a mechanical load on the engine that is comparable to a fired operation as well as can be used to create thermal conditions in the engine that is more similar to a fired operation than it is for conventional motored tests. Although the basic principle of motoring friction tests with external charging is known from the past [10,11], it came up again recently and is currently investigated [12]. Also, developments improving the thermal boundary conditions and reaching comparable load characteristics to a firing operation [13] have been achieved [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of the Friction Losses of Different Engine Concepts. Part 1: A Combined Approach for Applying Subassembly-Resolved Friction Loss Analysis on a Modern Passenger-Car Diesel Engine

et al. 2019

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This work presents the application of a combined approach to investigate the friction losses in a modern four-cylinder passenger-car diesel engine. The approach connects the results from engine friction measurements using the indication method and the results from journal-bearing simulations. The utilization of the method enables a subassembly-resolved friction loss analysis that yields the losses of the piston group, crankshaft journal bearings, and valve train (including the timing drive and crankshaft seals). The engine and engine subassembly friction losses are investigated over the full speed and load range, covering more than 120 engine operation points at different engine media supply temperatures ranging from 70 to 110 ∘ C. The subsequently decreasing lubricant viscosity due to higher engine media supply temperatures allow for the identification of friction reduction potentials as well as possible risks due to an onset of mixed lubrication. Furthermore, additional strip-tests have been conducted to determine the friction losses of the crankshaft radial lip seals, the timing drive, and the crankshaft journal bearings, thus enabling a verification of the calculated journal-bearing friction losses with measurement results. For the investigated diesel engine, a friction reduction potential of up to 21% could be determined when increasing the engine media supply temperature from 70 to 110 ∘ C, at engine speeds higher than n = 1500 rpm and part load operating conditions. At low engine speeds and high load operations, the friction loss reduction potential is considerably decreased and below 8%, indicating mixed lubrication regimes at the piston group and valve train.

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Development of a Simple Instantaneous Torque Measurement System on a Rotating Shaft

Caruana

Mollicone

Farrugia

2019

2019 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM)

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The Determination of Motored Engine Friction by Use of Pressurized ‘Shunt’ Pipe between Exhaust and Intake Manifolds

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Test bench development and implementation for experimental determination of mechanical losses in single cylinder internal combustion engines

Test bench development and implementation for experimental determination of mechanical losses in single cylinder internal combustion engines

Investigations of the Friction Losses of Different Engine Concepts. Part 1: A Combined Approach for Applying Subassembly-Resolved Friction Loss Analysis on a Modern Passenger-Car Diesel Engine

Development of a Simple Instantaneous Torque Measurement System on a Rotating Shaft

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