The determination of ultrasound velocity in the os calcis, thumb and patella during childhood

Sch�nau, Eckhard; Radermacher, Anja; Wentzlik, Ulrike; Klein, Klaus Ulrich; Michalk, Dietrich

doi:10.1007/s004310050130

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…SOS can be used on both trabecular and compact bone. The results are comparable to bone mineral density (BMD) measured at that same skeletal site [9,10]. Studies have demonstrated that BUA and SOS can be used together to estimate bone Stiffness [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Stiffness in Discrimination of Patients with Vertebral Fractures

Mikhail

Flaster

Aloia

1999

Osteoporosis International

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We measured the ultrasound parameters of the heels of 49 women with vertebral fractures and 87 age-matched controls using an Achilles ultrasound device. Average broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), speed of sound (SOS) and Stiffness were significantly lower in fracture patients (p < 0.0001). We also estimated the ultrasound parameters of patients compared with age-matched non-fracture controls and found the mean BUA to be -1.02 SD below control values. The mean SOS was -0.97 SD and the mean Stiffness was -1.12 SD below control values. Femoral bone mineral density (BMD) at the neck, Ward's triangle and the trochanter, the total-body BMD and L2-4 BMD were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and found to be significantly lower in fracture patients (p < 0.0001). All correlation coefficients between ultrasound parameters and DXA measurements were > 0.5 and statistically significant (p < 0.0001). A stepwise logistic regression with presence or absence of vertebral fracture as the response variable and all ultrasound--DXA parameters as the explanatory variables indicated that the best predictor of fracture was Stiffness, with additional predictive ability provided by spine BMD. Sensitivity and specificity of all measures were determined by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, which were 0.76 +/- 0.04 for BUA, 0.77 +/- 0.04 for SOS, 0.78 +/- 0.04 for Stiffness and 0.78 +/- 0.03 for spine BMD. The areas under the ROC curves of BUA, SOS, Stiffness and spine BMD were compared and it was found that Stiffness and spine BMD were significantly better predictors of fracture than BUA and SOS. These results support many recent studies showing that ultrasound measurements of the os-calcis have diagnostic sensitivity comparable to DXA, and also demonstrated that Stiffness was a better predictor of fracture than spine BMD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Stiffness in Discrimination of Patients with Vertebral Fractures

Mikhail

Flaster

Aloia

1999

Osteoporosis International

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“…The correlation between QUS of the heel versus BMD of the total body and lumbar spine was found to be between 0.67 and 0.83 in two studies [15,16]. The precision of ultrasound results in children was less than 2% [15,17,18], which is comparable to that in adults [11,19]. Lappe et al [18] examined 568 schoolchildren using apparent velocity of ultrasound (AVU) at the patella and found correlations with age, height and weight (r = 0.52-0.67), with the higher correlation for boys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Girls were found to have higher AVU values than boys up to age 15 years. Schönau et al [17] found an increase in SOS of the heel after puberty. In these studies on children, QUS seems to correlate in the same way with X-ray measurements as for adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparison of Quantitative Ultrasound Measurements in Calcaneus with DXA and SXA at Other Skeletal Sites: A Population-Based Study on 280 Children Aged 11-16 Years

Sundberg

Gärdsell

Johnell

et al. 1998

Osteoporosis International

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We performed ultrasound measurements (QUS) of the calcaneus in a population-based setting on 280 healthy children, aged 11-16 years, from a small urban area in southern Sweden. The results are compared with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements in the total body, the lumbar spine and the hip, as well as single-energy X-ray absorptiometry (SXA) of the forearm. Normative data and correlations between the three different techniques were determined. We found significant correlations between QUS and age (r = 0.34-0.54), height (r = 0.13-0.56) and weight (r = 0.30-0.60), and between QUS and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements (r = 0.44-0.70). Boys increased all their bone mineral variables with age, whereas girls showed a decreasing trend from age 15 years. QUS had a significantly higher increase in standardized value with age than Ward's triangle BMD, but a significantly lower increase in standardized value with age than distal radius (cortical site) BMD. At other BMD sites we did not find any significant differences compared with QUS regarding changes with age. The measurements obtained by QUS, DXA and SXA, respectively, were divided into, quartiles. Of all subjects in the lowest quartile for QUS measurements, only 34-50% were also in the lowest quartiles for DXA and SXA measurements. In conclusion, QUS measurements of the calcaneus in children show similar results as for adult regarding the correlation with DXA and SXA; they also have a significant correlation with anthropometric data. QUS did not identify the same individuals with low bone mass as the X-ray techniques.

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“…Reported intraobserver coefficients of variation in children range from 0.5% to 1.2% for SOS [25,28,29,34,35] and from 2% to 5% for BUA [25,29,31]. Unfortunately, numerous studies in adults and children have found that QUS measurements of bone are not highly correlated with bone measures obtained using other methods [17,29,31,34,36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In children, SOS and BUA values generally increase with age and pubertal stage, but there is considerable variability [23,25,[28][29][30][31][32], especially in the patterns of change between measurement sites [26]. The rate of increase differs between boys and girls during puberty [31] and a higher SOS has been reported in girls between the ages of 9 and 15 years [23][24][25]33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing bone mass in children and adolescents

Wren¹,

Gilsanz

2006

Curr Osteoporos Rep

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Growing awareness that osteoporosis may have its antecedents in childhood has led to increasing interest in assessing bone mass in children and adolescents. Several noninvasive imaging techniques are currently available to measure properties of the growing skeleton, including bone mass, density, cross-sectional area, and microarchitecture. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the most widely used technique, but it has several major limitations associated with its dependence on two-dimensional projections. Quantitative CT and peripheral quantitative CT allow three-dimensional imaging but are more costly and have higher radiation exposure. Quantitative ultrasound is simple and inexpensive but can measure bone "quality" only at a single peripheral site. MRI techniques for measuring bone are still under development and not yet ready for clinical use. For all of these techniques, clinical interpretation of the bone measures obtained remains a significant challenge. Further research is needed to relate these measures to osteoporosis in the elderly and to short-term and long-term fracture risk.

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The determination of ultrasound velocity in the os calcis, thumb and patella during childhood

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Stiffness in Discrimination of Patients with Vertebral Fractures

Stiffness in Discrimination of Patients with Vertebral Fractures

Comparison of Quantitative Ultrasound Measurements in Calcaneus with DXA and SXA at Other Skeletal Sites: A Population-Based Study on 280 Children Aged 11-16 Years

Assessing bone mass in children and adolescents

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