The Developing Fruits of Cocos Nucifera and Phoenix Dactylifera as Physiological Sinks Importing and Assimilating the Mobile Aqueous Phase of the Sieve Tube System

Die, J. Van

doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.1974.tb00967.x

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This contention is supported by the relatively high trunk starch content recorded in SP palms than in NP palms (Tables 2 and 3). However, it is also important to note here that the rate of bleeding from a single inflorescence is several times higher than the rate of assimilation flow into a single bunch during fruit maturation (Van Die, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Photosynthetic Assimilation, Carbohydrates in Vegetative Organs and Carbon Removal in Nut-Producing and Sap-Producing Coconut Palms

Ranasinghe¹,

Silva

2009

COCOS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The net assimilation rate, carbohydrate content in leaf and trunk tissues and quantum of carbon removed in sap-producing (SP) and nut-producing (NP) coconut palms were compared. The correlations between sap (toddy) yields of SP palms, and their leaf and trunk carbohydrate content; net assimilation rate; and the pre-tapping phase nut yields, were investigated as possible criteria for selecting coconut palms with potential for high toddy yields. Thirty-five-year-old coconut palms of the Tall variety (Cocos nucifera L., var. typica), at Bandirippuwa Estate, Lunuwila, Sri Lanka were used for the study. Total soluble sugar content (TSS) in leaf and trunk tissues was higher (62-73 mg g dw -1 ) than their starch content (24-41 mg g dw -1 ) in both SP and NP palms. In SP palms, TSS of leaf tissue was higher, and trunk tissue was lower, than in NP palms. The total carbohydrate (TC) content in the trunk was generally higher than in leaves of both SP and NP palms. In SP palms, the ratio of TSS : starch was higher in leaves, and lower in the trunk, than in NP palms. Net assimilation rates and carbon removal by the produce (nut or sap) was similar in NP and SP palms.There was no significant correlation between sap yields and TSS and starch contents of leaf or trunk tissues of palms, before and during tapping; and the nut yields before; and the NAR during tapping. These parameters are therefore not of predictive value for selecting coconut palms for high sap yield.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Photosynthetic Assimilation, Carbohydrates in Vegetative Organs and Carbon Removal in Nut-Producing and Sap-Producing Coconut Palms

Ranasinghe¹,

Silva

2009

COCOS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, wounds on palm inflorescences (N. normanbyi) were a very important source, also confirmed by ant crop contents on these palms. Sieve tube sap from palm inflorescences is known to be nutrient-rich and is therefore collected by humans (Van Die 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar and amino acid composition of ant‐attended nectar and honeydew sources from an Australian rainforest

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) consume a broad spectrum of liquid food sources including nectar and honeydew, which play a key role in their diet especially in tropical forests. This study compares carbohydrates and amino acids from a representative spectrum of liquid sources used by ants in the canopy and understorey of a tropical rainforest in northern Queensland, Australia. Eighteen floral nectars, 16 extrafloral nectars, two wound sap and four homopteran honeydew sources were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography. Wounds comprised flower abscission scars on Normanbya normanbyi L. H. Bailey and bitemarks on Cardwellia sublimis F. Muell. where ants were actively involved in wounding. Discriminant analysis was performed to model differences between food sources in sugar and amino acid concentration and composition. All characteristics varied significantly among plant species. Honeydew contained a broader spectrum of sugars (including melezitose, raffinose, melibiose, lactose and maltose) than nectar (sucrose, glucose, fructose), but certain extrafloral nectars had similar amino acid profiles and, like honeydew sources, were often monopolized by ants. Most common amino acids across the sources were proline, alanine and threonine among 17 ␣ -amino acids identified. Interspecific variability concealed characteristic differences in sugar and amino acid parameters between nectar, honeydew and wound sap across all plants, but these types differed significantly when found on the same plant. Among all sources studied, only a few flower nectars were naturally not consumed by ants and they were significantly less attended than sugar controls in feeding trials. These nectars did not differ in sugars and amino acids from ant-attended flower nectars, suggesting the activity of repellents. Apart from these exceptions, variability in amino acids and carbohydrates is proposed to play a key role in ant preferences and nutrition.

show abstract

“…If this is so, then the composition of these streams, together with data on nutrient use by fruits, should provide a model for understanding the path and form that nutrients take in moving to developing fruits. Such studies of fruit nutrition have been attempted with fruits of Kigelia (1), Cucurbita (2) and Lupinus (17,19), Cocos (26), Phoenix (26) and Yucca (27).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling C and N Transport to Developing Soybean Fruits

Layzell

LaRue²

1982

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Xylem sap and phloem exudates from detached leaves and fruit tips were collected and analyzed during early pod-fill in nodulated soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Meff. cv Wilkin) grown without (-N) and with (+N) NH4NO3. Ureides were the predominant form (91%) of N transported in the xylem of -N plants, while amides (45%) and nitrate (23%) accounted for most of the N in the xylem of +N Studies with white lupin examined the composition of phloem exudates collected at specific sites throughout the plant (10, 18). Using this technique, mechanisms were proposed to explain the observed differential partitioning of N to vegetative apices or developing fruits. For example, the C-rich, N-poor phloem stream exported from leaves was enriched in N relative to C in moving to growing tissues. This was due to either (a) the preferential removal of C relative to N from the phloem stream moving through the stem to support stem growth and respiration or (b) the addition of N compounds to the phloem stream by transfer from the xylem (10). To determine if similar mechanisms occur in the soybean, phloem exudates collected from fruit tip and petiole were analyzed for C and N solutes, and their compositions were compared.Exudates collected from shallow incisions in the pod wall of plants receiving -N nutrients were analyzed to determine their relationship to the transport fluids supplying the soybean fruit. MATERIALS AND METHODSThree processes are involved in the nutrition of developing legume fruits: (a) intake of a nutrient-rich phloem stream originating in the leaf, (b) uptake of water and solutes in the transpiration stream, and (c) d-irect incorporation ofC from photosynthesis (19,27). There is evidence that assimilates move with water by mass flow in both the xylem and phloem streams (cf. Ref. 5). If this is so, then the composition of these streams, together with data on nutrient use by fruits, should provide a model for understanding the path and form that nutrients take in moving to developing fruits. Such studies of fruit nutrition have been attempted with fruits of Kigelia (1), Cucurbita (2) and Lupinus (17, 19), Cocos (26), Phoenix (26) and Yucca (27).This study applied this approach to the C, N, and water nutrition of fruits of soybeans dependent on symbiotically fixed N. Attention was paid to the chemical form in which C and N was transported in the xylem and phloem. For comparative purposes, transport fluids were also collected and analyzed from nodulated plants receiving combined N (NH4NO3

show abstract

The Developing Fruits of Cocos Nucifera and Phoenix Dactylifera as Physiological Sinks Importing and Assimilating the Mobile Aqueous Phase of the Sieve Tube System

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Photosynthetic Assimilation, Carbohydrates in Vegetative Organs and Carbon Removal in Nut-Producing and Sap-Producing Coconut Palms

Photosynthetic Assimilation, Carbohydrates in Vegetative Organs and Carbon Removal in Nut-Producing and Sap-Producing Coconut Palms

Sugar and amino acid composition of ant‐attended nectar and honeydew sources from an Australian rainforest

Modeling C and N Transport to Developing Soybean Fruits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About