The Development and Initial Validation of a Short, Self-Report Measure on Social Inclusion for People with Intellectual Disabilities—A Transnational Study

Asunta, Piritta; Rintala, Pauli; Pochstein, Florian; Lyyra, Nelli; McConkey, Roy

doi:10.3390/ijerph18052540

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Moreover the self reported actions of coaches as summarised in the questionnaire need to be validated against the experience of players as to whether they are more included in both sports and the community. To facilitate this, a complementary study has developed a tool for use with players with and without disabilities that aims to assess their experience of inclusion (Asunta et al, 2019). A longitudinal study focussed on promoting inclusion of players with intellectual disability through sports would form a valuable basis for exploring the relationships between the changed role of coaches and the outcomes for players.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting the social inclusion of players with intellectual disabilities: an assessment tool for sport coaches

et al. 2019

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Including people with intellectual disability in sport is a challenge for coaches and particularly the inclusion of these players alongside non-disabled peers. Drawing initially on the experiences of 47 coaches recruited through Special Olympics, a self-completed assessment tool was devised that can be used to evaluate the promotion of social inclusion within sport teams and the wider community. The emerging tool was field-tested with 389 coaches in the USA and seven European countries. The resulting 13 or 20 item scale had commendable psychometric properties both in terms of internal and test-retest reliability with evidence also for its ecological and predictive validity. As well as its use as a self-assessment tool within training courses for coaches, it also opens research opportunities into the relationship between this measure of inclusion and outcomes for both the coaches and for the players.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting the social inclusion of players with intellectual disabilities: an assessment tool for sport coaches

et al. 2019

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“…The study was a part of a transnational research project on social inclusion through sports for players with ID (see McConkey and Menke 2020;Asunta et al 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Life is team play’: social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in the context of Special Olympics

et al. 2022

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This article provides insights from an empirical study on the meaning of social inclusion for Finnish athletes with intellectual disabilities (ID) who participate in Special Olympics (SO). A further objective was to explore the athletes' perceptions of the role SO has played in their lives regarding their personal experiences of social inclusion. Data were transcripts of five focus group interviews carried out with a total of 31 participants during the last SO World Winter Games in 2017. The content was analysed with the aim of identifying the main themes in the athletes' conversations about social inclusion. Three main themes were identified: inclusion as a contrast to past discrimination; inclusion as receiving and providing assistance; and inclusion as participation in teamwork. The results indicate that SO and arguably sport more generally can assist people with ID in moving forward on a path from being excluded toward social inclusion. Inclusion in sport: disability and participationThe inclusion of people with disabilities in sports has become an international issue with increasing numbers of UN member states ratifying the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) (UN 2006). Article 30.5 of the convention addresses aspects of enabling the participation of people with disabilities in recreational, leisure and sporting activities on an equal basis with others (Kiuppis 2018a). In most countries, the obligations placed on nations who ratify the CRPD represent a remarkable shift from the middle of the twentieth century to the present, both in terms of attitudes toward people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in particular and in the promotion of opportunities for greater inclusion within society. In the 1950s, people with ID were considered as 'mentally retarded', which was framed as a health-related issue, and they were excluded from a sports-related discourse (Braddock 2010). The inception of Special Olympics (SO) in the USA in the 1960s started to bring 'mental retardation' out of its stigmatized and medicalized location in the health sector by providing recreational sporting opportunities for people with ID albeit in segregated settings (Hourcade 1989). As the move away from the traditional medical model of disability gained momentum toward a holistic public health perspective (Sobey 1970), sport for people with disabilities in general became increasingly organized also in integrated settings. In the late 1970s and in the 1980s, debates around the guiding principle of integration were first and foremost concerned with the question of how children with disabilities could ideally participate in mainstream sport settings (Orr 1979;Santomier 1985). This was in line with the social model of disability (Shakespeare and Watson 2001). The 'Integration Continuum' for sport participation that was developed in the USA (Winnick 1987) built upon models developed for provision of special education services (Reynolds 1962; Deno 1970) and Physical Education in particular (Winnick 1987, 160; see Kiuppis ...

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“…The language of social inclusion in sport should be very positive and chosen to support anyone interested in regular sport and exercise. Both the terminology and the approach go beyond the mere use of the body and emphasize, above all, the social touch in the sense of social action, social networks, and social capital that excludes no one [ 32 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research also identifies the perceptions of parents, coaches, disabled people, athletes with disabilities, other partners in sport, management of voluntary clubs, sports organizations responsible for policy, and other groups at risk of social exclusion in European and global countries such as Serbia, Poland, Ukraine, Germany, Hungary, the United Kingdom, Greece, Italy, Belgium, Sweden, Denmark, England, the Netherlands, Portugal, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, Africa, the USA, and Asia [ 8 , 11 , 13 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrowing the Definition of Social Inclusion in Sport for People with Disabilities through a Scoping Review

Pečnikar Oblak,

Campos,

Lemos

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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The concept and practice of social inclusion in sport are still undefined, causing confusion both in the field of sport policy and practice. According to the United Nations (UN), a conceptual and analytical work on what constitutes inclusion is needed. Therefore, this study aims to define social inclusion in sport for people with disabilities by reviewing the existing literature. Using a scoping review framework, articles related to a possible definition of social inclusion in sport or to the elements of this definition were reviewed. For the eighteen (18) articles selected, the focus was on 152 statements, which were grouped into 6 main categories, namely: policy (29), fundamental conditions (28), key elements (30), soft skills (20), field gaps (31), and best practices (14). Ten keywords were extracted from each of the six categories using the free online program cortical.io. All 60 keywords were then compared with each other. After deleting the duplicates, 24 keywords remained, which were classified into five major categories: (1) key people, (2) key environments, (3) key ways to use, (4) key benefits, and (5) key barriers, in order to create a descriptive definition of social inclusion in sport for people with disabilities that can contribute to the goals of the UN 2030 Agenda. In addition to the definition, relevant issues were also raised for in-depth discussion and further research.

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The Development and Initial Validation of a Short, Self-Report Measure on Social Inclusion for People with Intellectual Disabilities—A Transnational Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Promoting the social inclusion of players with intellectual disabilities: an assessment tool for sport coaches

Promoting the social inclusion of players with intellectual disabilities: an assessment tool for sport coaches

‘Life is team play’: social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in the context of Special Olympics

Narrowing the Definition of Social Inclusion in Sport for People with Disabilities through a Scoping Review

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