“…It is important to optimize the relation between components or physical phenomena in a LWR to improve the economics and safety of nuclear reactors, deliver new nuclear reactor designs, and educate nuclear staff by simulating the physical phenomena that take place [10][11][12] including the neutronics simulated using lattice, neutron transport, and nodal codes [13][14][15][16][17][18][19], the thermal hydraulics simulated using system, nodal, subchannel and CFD codes [17][18][19][20][21][22], the thermo mechanics simulated using fuel performance codes [23][24][25], and the probability analysis simulated using risk assessment codes [26]. None of the mentioned codes provide full coupled reactor physics at the fuel pin level due to computational limitations that existed during the times when these codes were originally developed, which resulted from the geometry complexity, the large number of fuel pins, the coupled physical phenomena, and the large simulation times.…”