The development of an apparatus to understand the traction developed at the shoe–surface interface in tennis

Clarke, James; Carré, Matt; Damm, Loïc; Dixon, Sharon

doi:10.1177/1754337112469500

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…4a). This device is force-controlled as opposed to velocity-controlled and a full description of its development is provided in [23]. Firstly a section of a shoe sample was mounted on a plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of normal load force and roughness on the dynamic traction developed at the shoe–surface interface in tennis

et al. 2013

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(2013) The effect of normal load force and roughness on the dynamic traction developed at the shoe-surface interface in tennis. Sports Engineering, 16 (3). 165 -171. Doi: 10.1007/s12283-013-0121-3 ORIGINAL ARTICLEThe effect of normal load force and roughness on the dynamic traction developed at the shoe-surface interface in tennis Abstract During tennis-specific movements, such as accelerating and side stepping, the dynamic traction provided by the shoe-surface combination plays an important role in the injury risk and performance of the player. Acrylic hard court tennis surfaces have been reported to have increased injury occurrence, partly caused by increased traction that developed at the shoe-surface interface. Often mechanical test methods used for the testing and categorisation of playing surfaces do not tend to simulate loads occurring during participation on the surface, and thus are unlikely to predict the human response to the surface. A traction testing device, discussed in this paper, has been used to mechanically measure the dynamic traction force between the shoe and the surface under a range of normal loading conditions that are relevant to reallife play. Acrylic hard court tennis surfaces generally have a rough surface topography, due to their sand and acrylic paint mixed top coating. Surface micro-roughness will influence the friction mechanisms present during viscoelastic contacts, as found in footwear-surface interactions. This paper aims to further understand the influence microroughness and normal force has on the dynamic traction that develops at the shoe-surface interface on acrylic hard court tennis surfaces. The micro-roughness and traction of a controlled set of acrylic hard court tennis surfaces have been measured. The relationships between micro-roughness, normal force, and traction force are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of normal load force and roughness on the dynamic traction developed at the shoe–surface interface in tennis

et al. 2013

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“…An existing laboratory-based shoe traction device, fully described in [9], was used for a range of tests to determine the behaviour of the shoe outsole temperature distribution of a commercially available hard court tennis shoe under different conditions during a simulated sliding movement. Figure 1 shows the 5 type 'K' thermocouples inserted and attached by an adhesive into the grooves of the forefoot segment, to keep them very close to the shoe surface.…”

Section: Shoe Outsole Temperature Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average duration of a rally (± 1 SD) was found to be 43.4 ± 8.0 seconds with an average (± 1 SD) of 4.4 ± 1.0 sliding events. It was therefore decided to measure shoe sole temperature during a series of 4 slides of approximately 3 seconds with a rest time period of 10 seconds between each slide at loads of 600, 1200 and 1800 N. Additionally the DCOF was calculated using the mean dynamic friction force in direction of movement between 10mm and 30mm horizontal displacement, according to the protocol from a previous study [9]. A third study involved a repeated sliding over the commercial tennis surface for 15 minutes with a rest interval of 10 seconds between each slide.…”

Section: Shoe Outsole Temperature Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tennis Shoe Outsole Temperature Changes During Hard Court Sliding and Their Effects on Friction Behaviour

Urà

Conway

Booth

et al. 2015

Procedia Engineering

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Tennis is a sport played around the world on a variety of surfaces like grass, clay and hard courts. The types of surface and the surface properties influence the movements that are used by players. On hard courts, players have recently increased their tendency to perform sliding movements, possibly to reposition faster and be ready for the next shot. In order to enhance player's performance and reduce injury risk, there is a need to understand the tribological mechanisms occurring at the shoe-surface contact. The present study has developed an effective method to accurately measure temperature changes throughout a sliding movement. Friction and temperature measurements of a commercial tennis shoe outsole were measured during simulated sliding over hard court surfaces. Results indicated how the temperature changed during and after a slide. Additionally, it was found that the temperature of the shoe sole is significantly affected by the vertical load applied, and this varies depending on the shoe location tested. It was also found an inconsistent effect of surface roughness under a range of vertical loads tested. For multiple sliding tests during a rally, the shoe will increase temperature incrementally for each new slide, which could result in large changes in friction behaviour during a slide. The findings from this study could have important implications for the sport of tennis, both in terms of performance and injury-risk.

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“…If mechanical tests are to be used to infer human performance (mechanical traction testing has the advantage of being more repeatable and less subjective [14]), the tests need to be representative of task performance.…”

Section: Page 2 Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of studded shoe–surface interaction metrics during in situ performance analysis

et al. 2014

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Interaction between studded footwear and performance surfaces plays an important role in sport. Discretising this interaction into quantifiable measurements can help optimise design of outsoles and identify parameters for performance testing in situ. Here we describe the development and validity of an image based three-dimensional (3D) measurement system to investigate shoe-surface interactions during locomotion performance in situ by eight skilled footballers. By calculating individual stud positions, results revealed that the 3D kinematic data could be distilled to a number of shoe-surface interaction metrics such as orientation, velocity, translation distance and location of the centre of rotation. Findings show how the measurement system and simple analysis methods can be used to provide informative shoe-surface interaction metrics from in situ performance capture for the footwear community.

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The development of an apparatus to understand the traction developed at the shoe–surface interface in tennis

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

The effect of normal load force and roughness on the dynamic traction developed at the shoe–surface interface in tennis

The effect of normal load force and roughness on the dynamic traction developed at the shoe–surface interface in tennis

Tennis Shoe Outsole Temperature Changes During Hard Court Sliding and Their Effects on Friction Behaviour

Measurement of studded shoe–surface interaction metrics during in situ performance analysis

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