The Development of Anxiety Disorders: Considering the Contributions of Attachment and Emotion Regulation

Esbjørn, Barbara Hoff; Bender, Patrick K.; Reinholdt-Dunne, Marie Louise; Munck, L.; Ollendick, Thomas H.

doi:10.1007/s10567-011-0105-4

Cited by 99 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In other words, assimilation may build a bridge between a negative internal working model of the self and problem behaviors. This is in line with research indicating that insecure attachment may put children on a path toward developing problem behaviors or psychiatric symptoms (Ciocca et al 2017;Esbjorn et al 2012;Guttmann-Steinmetz and Crowell 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Possible mechanisms discussed included parental attunement and mentalization. (Porcerelli et al 2016) A large body of research has shown that an individual's attachment style influences a range of psychological and social factors (Ravitz et al 2010), including externalizing behavior problems (Guttmann-Steinmetz and Crowell 2006), internalizing psychiatric symptoms (Esbjorn et al 2012), and emotion regulation (Esbjorn et al 2012;Gillath et al 2005;Guttmann-Steinmetz and Crowell 2006;Moutsiana et al 2014;Roque et al 2013). Insecure maternal attachment was found to be associated with depression in ADHD children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Defense mechanism is predicted by attachment and mediates the maladaptive influence of insecure attachment on adolescent mental health

Laczkovics

Bendixsen²,

Shpigel

et al. 2018

Curr Psychol

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There is limited research exploring attachment style and defenses in adolescents. The purpose of the current research is to explore the relationship between adolescent attachment style and development of defense mechanisms, as well as attachment style and problem behaviors. A total of 1487 students from two California high-schools completed three self-report questionnaires to establish defense mechanisms, psychiatric symptoms, and attachment style. Attachment styles characterized by a positive selfimage predict greater levels of mature defense mechanisms, and lower levels of immature defense mechanisms, both in the interpersonal and intrapsychic domains. Relationships between insecure attachment styles and psychopathology were mediated by greater levels of immature defense mechanisms. These results provide initial compelling evidence that: a) attachment style is an important determinant of the type of defense mechanisms utilized by the individual to maintain psychological stability; and b) defense mechanisms serve to transmit the detrimental effects of insecure attachment style on psychological health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense mechanism is predicted by attachment and mediates the maladaptive influence of insecure attachment on adolescent mental health

Laczkovics

Bendixsen²,

Shpigel

et al. 2018

Curr Psychol

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“…Emotion dysregulation, conceptualized as comprising difficulties in any or all of these abilities (Gratz and Roemer 2004), has been linked to various psychological problems, including anxiety (e.g., Turk et al 2005). Insecure working models of attachment generally showed positive associations with emotion dysregulation and with symptoms of both anxiety and depression (e.g., Bender et al 2015;Esbjørn et al 2012;*Kullik and Petermann 2013;Marganska et al 2013), suggesting that attachment insecurity may promote maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and thus increasing the risk for these internalizing symptoms in adolescence (e.g., Allen et al 1996).…”

Section: Internalizing Symptoms and Peer Attachmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Attachment and Youth Internalizing Problems: A Meta-Analysis

Gorrese

2015

Child Youth Care Forum

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Background: Peer relationships become the central arena in which attachment processes are likely to play out during adolescence and beyond, and contribute to various aspects of psychosocial adjustment. Objective: Given the relevance of peer connections and the growing literature examining them, the purpose of this article was to review, through a meta-analytic approach, the evidence of the links of youth close peer relationships with internalizing problems within the theoretical framework of attachment. Methods: Journal articles were searched in PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, ERIC, Web of Science, and Scopus electronic databases; in journals most likely to publish papers on peer attachment; and in reference lists of selected papers. Thirty-six studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results: The findings showed significant moderate correlations between peer attachment and anxiety, depression, and internalizing problems. Additional analyses indicated that the dimensions of attachment more strongly related to depression were alienation and trust, whereas peer communication was weakly related to depression. Findings were characterized by significant heterogeneity across studies that was partially explained by the results of moderator analyses. Conclusions: This study suggests that secure peer attachment might make young people less vulnerable to symptoms of depression and anxiety. Insecure peer attachment, on the other hand, is associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing internalizing symptomatology. Additionally, this study shows the moderating effect of gender suggesting that peer attachment is more strongly related to depressive symptoms in adolescent girls

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“…Este aspecto se considera relevante toda vez que las dificultades en la regulación emocional (en adelante DRE) se encuentran presentes en una serie de problemas de salud mental, como la violencia (e.g., Lafontaine & Lussier, 2005), el trastorno de personalidad limítrofe (Glenn & Klonsky, 2009) y los trastornos de ansiedad (e.g., Esbjørn, Bender, Reinholdt-Dunne, Munck & Ollendick, 2012;Mennin, Holaway, Fresco, Moore & Heimberg, 2007), por mencionar algunos.…”

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Estilos de Apego y Dificultades de Regulación Emocional en Estudiantes Universitarios

et al. 2016

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Esta investigación ha sido financiada a la primera autora por el Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico del Gobierno de Chile (FONDECYT N° 11100141).La correspondencia relativa a este artículo debe ser dirigida a Mónica Guzmán, Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile. E-mail: moguzman@ucn.cl Estilos de Apego y Dificultades de Regulación Emocional en Estudiantes Universitarios Attachment Styles and Emotional Regulation Difficulties Among University StudentsMónica Guzmán-González, Natalia Carrasco, Paulina Figueroa, Caterina Trabucco y Daniela Vilca Universidad Católica del NorteEl objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la relación entre los estilos de apego y las dificultades en la regulación emocional (DRE) en una muestra intencionada de 548 estudiantes universitarios de 4 universidades de Antofagasta, Chile. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de Experiencias en Relaciones Cercanas (ECR-E) y la Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emocional (DERS-E). Mediante un análisis multivariado de la varianza y contrastes post hoc se desprende que existen diferencias en las DRE en función de los estilos de apego. Específicamente, quienes poseen estilos de apego seguro presentaron niveles más bajos de confusión emocional que quienes poseen estilos inseguros; asimismo, evidenciaron menores niveles de descontrol, rechazo emocional e interferencia cotidiana que quienes poseen patrones preocupados y temerosos; sin embargo, no difirieron en estas dificultades de quienes poseen apego desentendido. Además, los mayores niveles de desatención y confusión emocional se detectaron en los individuos con apego desentendido y temeroso. Finalmente, quienes poseen estilos de apego preocupado y temeroso evidenciaron mayor rechazo emocional e interferencia cotidiana. Se discuten las implicancias de explicar las DRE desde el marco de la teoría del apego. Palabras clave: estilos de apego, regulación emocional, estudiantes universitarios, ChileThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between attachment styles and emotion regulation difficulties in a purposive sample of 548 undergraduate students attending 4 universities in Antofagasta, Chile. The instruments used were the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR-E) and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-E). The results of multivariate analysis of variance and post hoc contrasts reveal statistically significant differences in emotion regulation difficulties according to attachment styles. Specifically, subjects with secure attachment styles had lower levels of confusion than those with insecure styles; moreover, they manifested lower levels of lack of control, emotional rejection, and daily interference than individuals with preoccupied and fearful styles; however, they did not differ from those with dismissive styles. In addition, the highest levels of lack of emotional awareness and emotional confusion were detected among individuals with dismissive and fearful attachment styles. ...

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The Development of Anxiety Disorders: Considering the Contributions of Attachment and Emotion Regulation

Cited by 99 publications

References 86 publications

Defense mechanism is predicted by attachment and mediates the maladaptive influence of insecure attachment on adolescent mental health

Defense mechanism is predicted by attachment and mediates the maladaptive influence of insecure attachment on adolescent mental health

Peer Attachment and Youth Internalizing Problems: A Meta-Analysis

Estilos de Apego y Dificultades de Regulación Emocional en Estudiantes Universitarios

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