The development of British Columbia's tree seed transfer guidelines: Purpose, concept, methodology, and implementation

Ying, Cheng; Yanchuk, Alvin D.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.02.028

Cited by 146 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Populations located in the northern subtropical and mid-subtropical humid areas may experience greater precipitation and temperature under climate change [74]; this situation was predicted in our study as we concluded that Bio12 (annual precipitation) and Bio1 (annual mean air temperature) were the major bioclimatic variables contributing to the potential suitable habitat geographic distribution areas. Results consistent with previous studies indicate that trees located on the southern edge of their distributional range are expected to display growth declines, while increased growth is anticipated for those on the northern edge [19,64,[75][76][77].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Predicting Future Seed Sourcing of Platycladus orientalis (L.) for Future Climates Using Climate Niche Models

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Forests

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Climate niche modeling has been widely used to assess the impact of climate change on forest trees at the species level. However, geographically divergent tree populations are expected to respond differently to climate change. Considering intraspecific local adaptation in modeling species responses to climate change will thus improve the credibility and usefulness of climate niche models, particularly for genetic resources management. In this study, we used five Platycladus orientalis (L.) seed zones (Northwestern; Northern; Central; Southern; and Subtropical) covering the entire species range in China. A climate niche model was developed and used to project the suitable climatic conditions for each of the five seed zones for current and various future climate scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways: RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5). Our results indicated that the Subtropical seed zone would show consistent reduction for all climate change scenarios. The remaining seed zones, however, would experience various degrees of expansion in suitable habitat relative to their current geographic distributions. Most of the seed zones would gain suitable habitats at their northern distribution margins and higher latitudes. Thus, we recommend adjusting the current forest management strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Predicting Future Seed Sourcing of Platycladus orientalis (L.) for Future Climates Using Climate Niche Models

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Forests

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“…Geographical information systems (GIS) are powerful tools to manage and analyze such complex spatially-referenced data and have been widely applied in ecology (MALLAWAARACHCHI et al, 1996;POWELL et al, 2005;TSIHRINTZIS et al, 1996) and forest genetics (YING and YANCHUK, 2006). GIS and spatial statistics were used to develop seed transfer guidelines and seed zones for red alder (Alnus rubra) (HAMANN et al, 2000), to catalogue the status of in situ genetic conservation for eleven commercial tree species indigenous to BC (HAMANN et al, 2004), and to construct the eco-geographic zones for the in situ conservation of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.)…”

Section: Evaluating Interior Spruce Seed Deployment With Gis-based Momentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interior spruce (Sx) is the common and/or operational name for the naturally occurring white-Engelmann spruce hybrid complex (Picea glauca and Picea engelmannii). The white and Engelmann spruce are characterized by substantial ranges overlap and lack of reproductive barriers, thus hybridization is common with hybrid swarms ranging from being pure to one species to various levels of interspecific hybridization and backcrosses (NIENSTAEDT and ZASADA, 1990 (YING and YANCHUK, 2006).…”

Section: Evaluating Interior Spruce Seed Deployment With Gis-based Momentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And the landscape level includes climatic, ecological, and genetic information that is described by the biogeoclimatic ecosystem classification (BEC) (POJAR et al, 1987;see below) and Seed Planning Zone-Unit (SPZ-SPU) classification systems. Seed Planning Zones (SPZs) are the spatial representation of genetic variation and ecological conditions for the reforested tree species based on provenance trial series (BRITISH COLUMBIA MINISTRY OF FORESTS AND RANGE, 2009a;MEIDINGER et al, 2005;MORGENSTERN, 1996;YING and YANCHUK, 2006). Two sets of SPZs have been delineated for BC: natural stand SPZs and orchard SPZs.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The black polygons in Figure 1 represent the spatial distribution of the silvicultural openings in the Seed Planning Zone. These BEC zones represented the climatic, edaphic, and ecological trends of natural populations of interior spruce, which are different from the SPZ system but indicates the natural range of species distribution (YING and YANCHUK, 2006). Our primary reporting period followed the initiation of the interior spruce seed orchard program, covering 1995 to 2004 for the Prince George (Orchard) zone.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Interior Spruce Seed Deployment with GIS-Based Modeling Using British Columbia’s Prince George Seed Planning Zone as a Model

et al. 2012

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The maintenance, protection, and conservation of forest genetic resources for economic, ecological and social benefits are daunting tasks. Understanding how reforestation materials are spatially and temporally deployed across the landscape is an integral component of forest genetic resources management. To improve the current understanding of how reforestation materials are deployed in British Columbia (BC), we developed a geographical information systems (GIS) method to track seed deployment across silviculture openings. Generally, reforestation materials can originate from either natural stand (wild seed collections) or orchards' seed sources (improved seed); the latter are produced within the framework of specific tree improvement program designed for a particular species within a well-defined seed deployment area, commonly known as Seed Planning Zone (SPZ). In this paper, we present a GIS-based method for evaluating seed deployment patterns for interior spruce (Picea glauca and Picea engelmannii and their natural hybrids) within the Prince George SPZ. The evaluation period ) is associated with wild stands and improved seed availability and the dynamic of each seed source proportionate contribution followed three distinct phases; namely, developing (1970-1987), immature (1988-1994), and mature (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)) with a progressive increase of orchards' seed use over time. The developed method is scalable across SPZs of the same species or multiple species, thus providing the means to: 1) temporally and spatially monitor improved and natural stands seed deployment over the landscape; and 2) identify areas of concerns where a particular seed source is over-represented which might pose an increased genetic vulnerability. The present study revealed that the current interior spruce orchard's seed use within the Prince George SPZ is expected to exceed the provincial goal of performance target of 75 % by 2014. Additionally, areas of excessive use of one seed orchard seed were identified.

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Assisted migration across fixed seed zones detects adaptation lags in two major North American tree species

Etterson

Cornett

White

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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Boreal forests are experiencing dramatic climate change, having warmed 1.0°–1.9°C over the last century. Yet forest regeneration practices are often still dictated by a fixed seed zone framework, in which seeds are both harvested from and planted into predefined areas. Our goal was to determine whether seedlings sourced from southern seed zones in Minnesota USA are already better adapted to northerly seed zones because of climate change. Bur oak ( Quercus macrocarpa ) and northern red oak ( Quercus rubra ) seedlings from two seed zones (i.e., tree ecotypes) were planted into 16 sites in two northern seed zones and measured for 3 yr. Our hypotheses were threefold: (1) tree species with more southern geographic distributions would thrive in northern forests where climate has already warmed substantially, (2) southern ecotypes of these species would have higher survival and growth than the northern ecotype in northern environments, and (3) natural selection would favor seedlings that expressed phenotypic and phenological traits characteristic of trees sourced from the more southern seed zone. For both species, survival was high (>93%), and southern ecotypes expressed traits consistent with our climate adaptation hypotheses. Ecotypic differences were especially evident for red oak; the southern ecotype had had higher survival, lower specific leaf area ( SLA ), faster height and diameter growth, and extended leaf phenology relative to the northern ecotype. Bur oak results were weaker, but the southern ecotype also had earlier budburst and lower SLA than the northern ecotype. Models based on the fixed seed zones failed to explain seedling performance as well as those with continuous predictors (e.g., climate and geographical position), suggesting that plant adaptations within current seed zone delineations do align with changing climate conditions. Adding support for this conclusion, natural selection favored traits expressed by the more southern tree ecotypes. Collectively, these results suggest that state seed sourcing guidelines should be reexamined to permit plantings across seed zones, a form of assisted migration. More extensive experiments (i.e., provenance trails) are necessary to make species‐specific seed transfer guidelines that account for climate trends while also considering the precise geographic origin of seed sources.

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The development of British Columbia's tree seed transfer guidelines: Purpose, concept, methodology, and implementation

Cited by 146 publications

References 47 publications

Predicting Future Seed Sourcing of Platycladus orientalis (L.) for Future Climates Using Climate Niche Models

Predicting Future Seed Sourcing of Platycladus orientalis (L.) for Future Climates Using Climate Niche Models

Evaluating Interior Spruce Seed Deployment with GIS-Based Modeling Using British Columbia’s Prince George Seed Planning Zone as a Model

Assisted migration across fixed seed zones detects adaptation lags in two major North American tree species

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