“…For instance, in Yan and co-workers’ study, glyoxylic acid-modified CDs (GA-CDs) were used as a FRET ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of Cu 2+ in aqueous solution. 388 Similarly, Chen et al also applied cyclam-functionalized CDs as a FRET nanoprobe for the detection of Cu 2+ and S. 2–389 In addition to the above examples, the detection of other important metal ions such as Ag + , Cu 2+ , Cr 6+ , and Pb 2+ has also been successfully realized with CD composite-based sensing platforms. 390–401…”
Section: Composites For Biomedical Applicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Syntheses of CDs are simple and versatile, which could be classified into two approaches, namely “top-down” and “bottom-up”. 9 The “top-down” method generally involves the cleavage of large carbonaceous materials into small CDs via harsh treatments such as arc discharge, laser ablation, 10,11 and electrochemical stripping 12 as well as acidic oxidation treatment. 13,14 The “bottom-up” approach involves the polymerization and carbonization of small carbon-containing molecules into CDs, 15 which could be realized through microwave 16 or hydrothermal/solvothermal treatments.…”
Carbon dots (CDs) have received extensive attention in the last decade for their excellent optical, chemical and biological properties. In recent years, CDs composites have also received significant attention due...
“…For instance, in Yan and co-workers’ study, glyoxylic acid-modified CDs (GA-CDs) were used as a FRET ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of Cu 2+ in aqueous solution. 388 Similarly, Chen et al also applied cyclam-functionalized CDs as a FRET nanoprobe for the detection of Cu 2+ and S. 2–389 In addition to the above examples, the detection of other important metal ions such as Ag + , Cu 2+ , Cr 6+ , and Pb 2+ has also been successfully realized with CD composite-based sensing platforms. 390–401…”
Section: Composites For Biomedical Applicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Syntheses of CDs are simple and versatile, which could be classified into two approaches, namely “top-down” and “bottom-up”. 9 The “top-down” method generally involves the cleavage of large carbonaceous materials into small CDs via harsh treatments such as arc discharge, laser ablation, 10,11 and electrochemical stripping 12 as well as acidic oxidation treatment. 13,14 The “bottom-up” approach involves the polymerization and carbonization of small carbon-containing molecules into CDs, 15 which could be realized through microwave 16 or hydrothermal/solvothermal treatments.…”
Carbon dots (CDs) have received extensive attention in the last decade for their excellent optical, chemical and biological properties. In recent years, CDs composites have also received significant attention due...
“…The CPDs can also be obtained by decorating the CNDs or CQDs with polymers or organic molecules ( Xia et al., 2019 ). In addition, recent studies suggest a new category of Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots (CNQDs) ( Li et al., 2021a ) ( Figure 1 ). Figure 1 Carbon dots classification is based on the composition, structure, and dimensions ( Cayuela et al., 2016 ; Li et al., 2021a ; Semeniuk et al., 2019 ; Xia et al., 2019 ; Zhu et al., 2015 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… ( Cayuela et al., 2016 ; Li et al., 2021a ; Semeniuk et al., 2019 ; Xia et al., 2019 ; Zhu et al., 2015 ). …”
“…Given this premise, two approaches to synthesize CDs are usually implemented: top-down and bottom-up methods. The top-down approach was adopted first, consisting of the production of CDs through chemical or physical cutting (laser ablation, arc-discharging) of bulk carbon sources (graphite, carbon soot) [22]. Obtained CDs generally present high ordered structures with more homogenous samples in size and distribution.…”
The introduction of N doping atoms in the carbon network of Carbon Dots is known to increase their quantum yield and broaden the emission spectrum, depending on the kind of N bonding introduced. N doping is usually achieved by exploiting amine molecules in the synthesis. In this work, we studied the possibility of introducing a N–N bonding in the carbon network by means of hydrothermal synthesis of citric acid and hydrazine molecules, including hydrated hydrazine, di-methylhydrazine and phenylhydrazine. The experimental optical features show the typical fingerprints of Carbon Dots formation, such as nanometric size, excitation dependent emission, non-single exponential decay of photoluminescence and G and D vibrational bands in the Raman spectra. To explain the reported data, we performed a detailed computational investigation of the possible products of the synthesis, comparing the simulated absorbance spectra with the experimental optical excitation pattern. The computed Raman spectra corroborate the hypothesis of the formation of pyridinone derivatives, among which the formation of small polymeric chains allowed the broad excitation spectra to be experimentally observed.
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