The development of hemodynamics in the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries

Schöning, M.; Hartig, Bernd

doi:10.1016/s0301-5629(98)00029-5

Cited by 38 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…10,18 Two other reports, however, did show these differences, 23,24 which were explained by sex differences in cerebrovascular resistance and vascular reactivity. In children with SCD, altered resistance and reactivity may counterbalance sex differences in Doppler parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Sickle Cell Disease: Reference Values and Interhemispheric Differences of Nonimaging Transcranial Doppler Blood Flow Parameters

Arkuszewski¹,

Krejza²,

Chen³

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:TCD screening is widely used to identify children with SCD at high risk of stroke. Those with high mean flow velocities in major brain arteries have increased risk of stroke. Thus, our aim was to establish reference values of interhemispheric differences and ratios of blood flow Doppler parameters in the tICA, MCA, and ACA as determined by conventional TCD in children with sickle cell anemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In healthy children, flow velocities in the MCA and ICA are lower in older children, 10,18 probably as a result of proportional growth of both arteries along with body development. 19 The slope of age dependency however, is flatter in children with SCD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sickle Cell Disease: Reference Values and Interhemispheric Differences of Nonimaging Transcranial Doppler Blood Flow Parameters

Arkuszewski¹,

Krejza²,

Chen³

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…At the end of the examination period (2 1 ⁄2 y of age), the respective data of FVs, flow velocities, and vessel diameters lie within (or just at the lower limit of) the normal range of values of children aged 3-10 y (10,14). Normal motor and cognitive development in the children was documented.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The measurement technique was essentially the same as that described previously in preterm and term neonates (5,9,13) and in children from 3 y of age onward (10,14). The luminal diameter of the vessels, d, was measured on a magnified, high-resolution B-mode image between the bright internal layers of the parallel vessel walls at the exact site of color duplex measurement and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the artery.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Study of Cerebral Blood Flow Over the First 30 Months

Kehrer

Schöning

2009

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT:To investigate prospectively the development of cerebral perfusion during infancy, serial quantitative measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) volume were performed in two healthy children from birth up to the age of 30 mo. A total of 28 CBF volume measurements were done in either of the children. Absolute flows were measured in the internal carotid and vertebral arteries on both sides. Blood flow was calculated as the product of angle-corrected time-averaged flow velocity and the cross-sectional area of the vessel. Starting from 67 and 80 mL/min, respectively, at birth an almost 10-fold increase of CBF volume was observed in both children during the examination period. Half of this rise occurred during the first 6 mo, probably reflecting the steep metabolic incline during this period of synaptogenesis. The continuous increase in CBF volume after the sixth month of life mainly corresponds to brain growth. Estimated CBF (based on estimated brain weights) increased from 21 and 23 mL 100 g Ϫ1 min Ϫ1 , respectively, after birth to 46 and 53 mL 100 g Ϫ1 min Ϫ1 , respectively, during the first 6 mo of life in both children, remaining stable thereafter. This study is the first to provide longitudinal data of CBF during the first 30 mo after birth. The method is noninvasive and innocuous and therefore suited for serial measurements, which has been shown in adult neurointensive care patients (3,4) and in a longitudinal study in preterm infants (5). The accuracy of the measurement depends on a motionless position of the patient and a strict compliance with a standardized study protocol. In a first interobserver reproducibility performed in children and adults, a 10.0% coefficient of variation has been found (6). The result was comparable with that of a reproducibility study in adult men where two subsequent H 2 15 O-PET scans had been done (7). A recent interobserver reproducibility study performed in neonates resulted in a coefficient of variation of only 6.3% (8).Reference data for CBF volume are available for preterm and term neonates (gestational age, 32-42 wk) (9) and for children from 3 y up to the age of 18 y (10). Although the CBF volume in term neonates is about 70 mL/min (9), it is 10 times higher in 3-y-old children (about 700 mL/min) (10). The dynamics of CBF volume increase, however, from birth up to the age of 3 y is still unclear. The aim of the presented longitudinal study was to describe the development of cerebral perfusion during the first 30 mo of life by serial measurements of CBF volume in two healthy children. METHODSProbands. Two healthy, term born children [1 female ("F"), 1 male ("M")] were involved in a prospective study. Birth weights were 3210 g (M) and 2810 g (F), body lengths at birth were 53 cm (M) and 50 cm (F), and head circumferences at birth were 34.0 cm (M) and 33.0 cm (F). Cerebral B-mode ultrasound examinations performed until the closure of the anterior fontanel were always normal in both children. Neither of them ever presented cardiologic or neurologic abnormalities or ...

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“…An interaction between blood pressure, blood constituents and the rheology and physics of blood flow at various arterial locations might affect arterial occlusion [14]. The HVA, which shows lower mean flow volume [7,23,24] and decreased flow velocities [24], seems to be more susceptible to prothrombotic or atherosclerotic processes than normal or dominant VAs. Under the decreased VA flow capacity, hypoplastic artery is prone to collapse as a result of Bernoulli's effect [25].…”

Section: Hemodynamic Mechanism Of Hypoplastic Artery Causing To Ischementioning

confidence: 99%

Does Small Size Vertebral or Vertebrobasilar Artery Matter in Ischemic Stroke?

Park¹

2012

Acute Ischemic Stroke

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The development of hemodynamics in the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries

Cited by 38 publications

References 19 publications

Sickle Cell Disease: Reference Values and Interhemispheric Differences of Nonimaging Transcranial Doppler Blood Flow Parameters

Sickle Cell Disease: Reference Values and Interhemispheric Differences of Nonimaging Transcranial Doppler Blood Flow Parameters

A Longitudinal Study of Cerebral Blood Flow Over the First 30 Months

Does Small Size Vertebral or Vertebrobasilar Artery Matter in Ischemic Stroke?

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