The Development of Instructional Leadership Scale of Elementary School Principals in Indonesia

Abstract

This research aims to develop a scale to measure the practice of instructional leadership of elementary school principals in Indonesia. A sequential mixed-methods approach was chosen involving 238 school principals at public elementary schools in Bogor regency, Indonesia. The new instructional leadership scale showed appropriate levels of reliability and validity. The reliability of the developed scale was 0,875. The construct validity was examined; second-ordered confirmatory factor analysis was at a satisfactory level, Chi-square χ2=434.489, CFI =.934, p=.113, TLI=.928, RMSEA=.019, SRMR=.046. Convergent and discriminant validity were at an acceptable level as well. Qualitative results concluded that there were three identities of instructional leadership: instructional knowledge, attitude, and skills. By providing a new scale to measure instructional leadership roles, it could help navigate effectively that the roles of school leaders for learning reforms.

Exploring Instructional Leadership of School-Based Management Level III Schools

“…According to Widiyan et al (2020), the nature of learning is more closely related to the subject matter, its interrelationships, and educational aims than to the question of what learning is. In light of this change, a new definition of education is proposed.…”

The Professional Competency Development Model of Science Teachers through Learning Leadership

“…Learning leadership makes the teaching-learning process at schools a priority to improve learning outcomes. Learning-oriented leadership refers to the facilitator role of a principal to empower the management and leadership (Widiyan et al, 2020;Lundqvist et al, 2023). The primary skills of school principals include (1) assessment, (2) instructional leadership, (3) objective unity, (4) leadership vision, (5) diversity, (6) learning community, (7) reflection, (8) organizational management, (9) professional development, (10) collaboration, (11) curriculum and teaching, and (12) professionalism (Harahap, 2017;Azainil et al, 2021b).…”

Instructional Leadership Practices and Challenges: The Case of Primary School Principals in Liban Jawi Woreda of West Shoa Zone

“…Principals' instructional leadership is a concept that has been extensively researched and discussed in the field of educational leadership. Instructional leadership can be defined in two aspects [14]. First, instructional leadership can be defined as the roles or actions of school leaders in leading schools that are reflected in program activities, concerns in curriculum development, teaching and learning values, and qualification [15].…”

“…Second, instructional leadership refers to the attitudes that school leaders have toward the process of teaching at their institutions [16]. Both definitions above revealed common points that explain leading learning in the school as purposive actions [14]. One influential that explores the concept of principals' instructional leadership is the research conducted by Leithwood et al [17] titled "How Leadership Influences Student Learning."…”