“…They must experience eco-literacy teaching during their study times in the teacher training institution by having various types of learning media, especially in coping with biotechnology subject matters (e.g., books, videos, news, handbooks, or modules) (Hamilton et al, 2021;Karaarslan Semiz & Teksöz, 2020;Muthukrishnan, 2019;Nugraha et al, 2022;Reisoğlu & Çebi, 2020). A teacher or lecturer can use IT-based learning media, for instance, mobile learning applications (Frisnoiry et al, 2019;Pursitasari et al, 2022) or website-based learning media (Firdausi & Wulandari, 2021;Hidayah et al, 2018). A mobile learning application or website-based learning media allows the students to be more comfortable and simpler in learning regardless of the times and places and gives an online-based experience so the media can cover a wider scope of learners in different regions or countries (Keogh et al, 2018;Marianingsih et al, 2021;Susanti et al, 2020;Wuryani et al, 2018).…”