The development of laughter in mother-infant communication: Timing parameters and temporal sequences

Nwokah, Evangeline E.; Hsu, Hui‐Chin; Dobrowolska, Olga; Fogel, Alan

doi:10.1016/0163-6383(94)90019-1

Cited by 111 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Once laughter emerges in the infant's vocal repertoire, it becomes a frequent part of the repetitive interactions between mother and infant, with many mothers producing five to twenty laughs and infants one to four laughs in a ten-minute face-toface play session. During the first two years we found a peak in the frequency of maternal laughter for each mother during the months between the onset of infant laughter at three to four months and six months of age, when infant crawling typically reduces the frequency of face-to-face interactions Nwokah, Hsu, Dobrowolska, and Fogel, 1994).…”

Section: Laughter As a Sodal Processmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…According to our data, infants produce their first laugh in the context of infant-caregiver interaction at anywhere from ten to twenty-one weeks of age (Nwokah, Hsu, Dobrowolska, and Fogel, 1994). Early pseudo laughter is highly variable and may show some qualities of quasi-resonant vocalizations (Oller, 1986;Nathani and Stark, 1995) as a result of the limited respiratory and anatomical oral-motor constraints of the infant (Nwokah, Hsu, Dobrowolska, and Fogel, 1994).…”

Section: Laughter As a Sodal Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By the second year, the duration of maternal and infant laughter becomes more similar within dyads. In addition, the overlap of co-occurring laughs by the two partners becomes increasingly simultaneous, reflecting an increase in mutually coregulated frames and improvements in the infant's speed of vocal response (Nwokah, Hsu, Dobrowolska, and Fogel, 1994;Stern, 1985).…”

Section: Laughter As a Sodal Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early pseudo laughter is highly variable and may show some qualities of quasi-resonant vocalizations (Oller, 1986;Nathani and Stark, 1995) as a result of the limited respiratory and anatomical oral-motor constraints of the infant (Nwokah, Hsu, Dobrowolska, and Fogel, 1994). However, mothers are able to recognize, label, and comment on their infants' first laughs .…”

Section: Laughter As a Sodal Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Communication of smiling and laughter in mother-infant play: Research on emotion from a dynamic systems perspective

Fogel

Dickson

Hsu

et al. 1997

New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development

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In this chapter we present a summary of our recent work examining emotional development in infancy from a dynamic systems perspective. Our goal is to describe the studies that have evolved from our research group and to explain how these studies have been informed by dynamic systems thinking. Reviews of our dynamiC systems approach to emotional development can be found in the following works: Dickson, Fogel, and Messinger (forthcoming); Fogel and others (1992); Fogel, Nwokah, and Karns (1991); Fogel and Thelen (1987); and Messinger, Fogel, and Dickson (1997). Additional theoretical discussions of dYnamic systems approaches applied to emotion can be found in Camras (1992), Haviland and Kahlbaugh (1993), Lewis (1993), and Wolff (1987. We open this chapter with a theoretical overview, followed by a report on our work on the development of emotions related to the expressions of smiling and laughter during the first three years of life in the context of parentinfant play. Smiling is examined in the follOwing social contexts: during face-to-face mother-infant communication (from one to six months), during

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Section: Laughter As a Sodal Processmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Laughter As a Sodal Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laughter As a Sodal Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laughter As a Sodal Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Communication of smiling and laughter in mother-infant play: Research on emotion from a dynamic systems perspective

Fogel

Dickson

Hsu

et al. 1997

New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development

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“…The coder detected the exact onset and offset in Praat (Boersma and others, 2002), and conducted a multi-layer analysis as explained shortly. A laugh was identified referring to the same criteria used in (Nwokah et al, 1994), based on the facial expression and vocalization descriptions of laughter elaborated by (Apte, 1985) and (Ekman and Friesen, 1975). Following (Urbain and Dutoit, 2011) we counted laughter offset (final laughter in-breath inhalation) as part of the laughter event itself, thus resulting in laughter timings longer than other authors (Bachorowski and Owren, 2001;Rothgänger et al, 1998).…”

Section: Audio-video Coding Of Laughtermentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the 17th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue

Katagiri

Nakano

Fernández

et al. 2016

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We extend special thanks to our Local co-Chairs, Ron Artstein and Alesia Gainer, and their team of student volunteers. We know SIGDIAL 2016 would not have been possible without Ron and Alesia, who invested so much effort in arranging the conference venue and accommodations, handling registration, making banquet arrangements, and handling numerous other preparations for the conference. The student volunteers for on-site assistance also deserve our appreciation.Ethan Selfridge, Sponsorships Chair, has earned our appreciation for recruiting and liaising with our conference sponsors, many of whom continue to contribute year after year. Sponsorships support valuable aspects of the program, such as the invited speakers and conference banquet. In recognition of this, we gratefully acknowledge the support of our sponsors: (Platinum level) Microsoft Research, Xerox and PARC, Intel, (Gold level) Facebook, (Silver level) Amazon Alexa, Interactions, Educational Testing Service, Honda Research Institute, and Yahoo!. At the same time, we thank Priscilla Rasmussen at the ACL for tirelessly handling the financial aspects of sponsorship for SIGDIAL 2016, and for securing our ISBN.iii We also thank the SIGdial board, especially officers Amanda Stent, Jason Williams and Kristiina Jokinen for their advice and support from beginning to end.Finally, we thank all the authors of the papers in this volume, and all the conference participants for making this stimulating event a valuable opportunity for growth in the research areas of discourse and dialogue. AbstractThis paper presents an end-to-end framework for task-oriented dialog systems using a variant of Deep Recurrent QNetworks (DRQN). The model is able to interface with a relational database and jointly learn policies for both language understanding and dialog strategy. Moreover, we propose a hybrid algorithm that combines the strength of reinforcement learning and supervised learning to achieve faster learning speed. We evaluated the proposed model on a 20 Question Game conversational game simulator. Results show that the proposed method outperforms the modular-based baseline and learns a distributed representation of the latent dialog state. IntroductionTask-oriented dialog systems have been an important branch of spoken dialog system (SDS) research (Raux et al., 2005; Young, 2006; Bohus and Rudnicky, 2003). The SDS agent has to achieve some predefined targets (e.g. booking a flight) through natural language interaction with the users. The typical structure of a task-oriented dialog system is outlined in Figure 1 (Young, 2006). This pipeline consists of several independently-developed modules: natural language understanding (the NLU) maps the user utterances to some semantic representation. This information is further processed by the dialog state tracker (DST), which accumulates the input of the turn along with the dialog history. The DST outputs the current dialog state and the dialog policy selects the next system action based on the dialog state. Then natural language gene...

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Mother and infant smiling exchanges during face-to-face interaction in infants with and without Down syndrome

Carvajal

Iglesias

1997

Dev. Psychobiol.

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The development of laughter in mother-infant communication: Timing parameters and temporal sequences

Cited by 111 publications

References 22 publications

Communication of smiling and laughter in mother-infant play: Research on emotion from a dynamic systems perspective

Communication of smiling and laughter in mother-infant play: Research on emotion from a dynamic systems perspective

Proceedings of the 17th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue

Mother and infant smiling exchanges during face-to-face interaction in infants with and without Down syndrome

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