The Development of New Casting Alloys Intended for Operation Under Extreme Conditions and Some Techniques of Making Castings From Them

Abstract

The article studies new heat-resistant and wear resistant materials for operation under extreme conditions, especially in the power industry. The methods that improve the quality of a metal in metal castings through the influence of alloying elements on its structure and properties have been considered. These methods are very effective for reducing the tendency of a metal to form a coarse–grained structure. The paper describes optimal techniques for melting special alloys in induction and electric furnaces. A set of rules for the selection of a melting temperature before pouring a metal into the casting forms depending on the dimensions, wall thickness, geometry of castings have been determined. The behavior of new alloys under the conditions of high temperatures, aggressive environments has been studied. It has been established that heat–resistant Cr–Al steels exhibit high heat resistance and wear resistance properties; they 6–8 times surpass Cr–Ni steels in oxidation resistance. The proposed Cr–Mn cast iron processed in an integrated manner with REM (rare earth metals) and Ti is superior to a basic cast iron in conditions of a heavy wear. Numerous industrial trials confirm the usefulness of recommended new casting materials for use under extreme conditions.

Graphitizing modification of the axial zone of cast iron rolling rolls in the liquidus-solidus temperature range

“…The main performance characteristics of many cast products are determined mainly by the physical and mechanical properties of their surface layers [1,2], macro-and microstructure [3,4].…”

“…5. The calculated mass of the metal in the liquid-solid zone, (m M ) that needs to be modified, with D M = 22 cm, a height of 71 cm and a density of liquid cast iron of 6.9 g/cm 3 , is m M ≈ 186.1 kg.…”

Structural Construction of Binders Based on Orthophosphoric Acid and Refractory Materials

“…is requires the use of materials with high thermal and chemical resistance. Single-layer and double-layer microarc oxide coatings are used as protective heat-resistant coatings on cores and molds [5][6][7][8]. During the research of casting processes, it is possible to apply modeling of thermal processes in layered structures, for example, temperature distribution in the mold and casting [9,10].…”