The Development of Some Technology Elements of the Spring Wheat Cell Selection for Resistance to Abiotic Stresses

Nikitina, E. I.; Khlebova, L. P.; Ereschenko, Olga

doi:10.14258/izvasu(2014)3.2-09

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…В целом направление получения регенерантов злаков каллусного происхождения, толерантных к различным экологически неблагоприятным абиотическим факторам, достаточно актуально в мировой биотехнологической практике. Так, исследователи активно разрабатывают способы получения каллусов in vitro и каллусных регенерантов ex vitro, устойчивых к воздействию солей, в том числе солей тяжелых металлов, низкой температуры, гипоксии/аноксии и других стресс-факторов [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

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Callus culture in vitro in the experimental evaluation of drought resistance in cereals (review)

Круглова¹,

Seldimirova²,

Zinatullina³

2021

TVAN

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One of the directions in plant biotechnological research is the use of callus cultures in vitro. The callus is an integrated system that is formed both exogenously (as a result of the proliferation of surface cells of various tissues of the plant organism) and endogenously (in the depth of these tissues). Initially, callus consists of homogeneous cells gradually transformed into a system of groups of heterogeneous cells with specific morphogenetic potencies. These potencies are realized by various ways of morphogenesis in vitro, including those leading to the formation of full-fledged plants-regenerants. In this review, using cereals as an example, we analyze the literature and our data on the use of calli in vitro as experimental systems for studying the plant stress-resistance to abiotic factors, especially to the drought factor. The advantages and limitations of using callus cultures in vitro are considered. The prospects of studying the mechanisms of action of abiotic stressors and resistance to them at the cellular and tissue levels under model conditions of callus culture in vitro are shown. Attention is paid to the assessment of the drought resistance of cereals under selective conditions simulating drought in vitro by such a parameter as the growth activity of calli. The issue of studying anti-stress effects in callus cultures in vitro is analyzed on the example of brassinosteroids. The prospects of using the model system “immature embryo in vivo–embryonic morphogenic callus in vitro” for rapid assessment of the effect of anti-stress plant growth regulators are considered. It is emphasized that the basis for using calli as the model system is both the significant role of the cell in all morphogenetic events of the plant organism in vivo and in vitro and the similarity of the responses of plants in vivo, calli in vitro, regenerants of callus origin in vitro and ex vitro.

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Callus culture in vitro in the experimental evaluation of drought resistance in cereals (review)

Круглова¹,

Seldimirova²,

Zinatullina³

2021

TVAN

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Effects of nonspecific resistance in barley genotypes obtained by cell selection

Shupletsova

Огородникова

Nazarova

2021

Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii

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An effective way to increase the genetic diversity of plants and create sources of resistance to edaphic stressors is the selection of cells under selective in vitro conditions based on somaclonal variation. The use of somaclones (regenerant forms) of barley with resistance to increased acidity, ionic toxicity of aluminum, heavy metals and drought is promising in the northeast of the Non-Black-Soil Zone of Russia. Development of regenerants with integrated resistance to soil stressors due to specific and nonspecific mechanisms is a relevant trend.The target research material was a hybrid combination of spring barley (Luly × Conrad) × 2867-80 and its regenerant forms obtained as a result of cell selection with stressors of various nature. Plants were grown under ordinary soil conditions and on provocative backgrounds with aluminum and cadmium. The productive traits of plants, the symptoms of oxidative stress, and the environment-forming activity of the root system were evaluated.In regenerated plants obtained in callus culture on selective in vitro media with aluminum or water deficiency, an increased ability of the root system to alkalize the medium in the rhizosphere zone (by 0.2–0.5 pH units) when grown on alumina soil was revealed. Against stressful soil backgrounds, regenerative lines induced on in vitro media with cadmium or aluminum were observed to have a low manifestation of oxidative stress symptoms, tested by the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves, which provided these genotypes with higher seed productivity (1.5–3.6 times in the number of grains, and 1.5– 3.0 times in the grain weight per plant) and adaptive advantages compared to the original genotype and regenerants induced on an in vitro medium with water deficiency. It is concluded that complex resistance to soil aluminum and cadmium toxicity is formed in barley regenerants obtained in the process of cell selection on in vitro media with any of these metals.

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Induction in vitro of adventitious morphogenesis in isolated tissues of the genus Rubus plants using cytokinins from adenine and diphenylurea groups

Соловых¹,

Янковская²

2020

Sadovodstvo i vinogradarstvo

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The eff ect of cytokinins from the adenine and diphenylurea groups on adventitious organogenesis in vitro in isolated tissues of the genus Rubus plants was studied. Leaf explants and callus of red raspberry of the Volnitsa variety, blackberry of the Chester Thornless variety and the Rubus odoratus species were cultivated in the dark at a temperature of +25 ±2 °C on Murashige and Skoog medium. The medium contained 0.5 mg/l of gibberellic acid (HA), 0.5 mg/l of indolylacetic acid (IAA), and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) at concentrations of 0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/l or thidiazuron (TDZ) at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/l. The number of explants that formed adventitious shoots and the number of shoots per explant were taken into account. It has been established that for the induction of adventitious morphogenesis from leaf explants and calluses of red raspberry and blackberry the use of 6-BAP is more eff ective, thydiazuron is more eff ective for Rubus odoratus. The optimal concentration for 6-BAP is 2 mg/l and 0.2 mg/l for TDZ. Exceeding these concentrations of cytokinins can cause shoot vitrifi cation. For blackberry, it is possible to increase the content of 6-BAP in the medium for the induction of morphogenesis to 4 mg/l. The unequal ability to regenerate adventitious shoots in diff erent genotypes was revealed. In optimal variants of the experiment, the maximum frequency of their formation ranged from 13.3 % in Rubus odoratus to 40.0 % in blackberry. The use of the established optimal concentrations of growth regulators made it possible to obtain regenerated plants from callus that underwent long-term cultivation (for 10 months) on artifi cial nutrient media during tissue selection for tolerance to heavy metal salts and pesticides. Despite the reduced morphogenetic potential of tissues undergoing prolonged cultivation in vitro, 3 red raspberry regenerant plants and 1 Rubus odoratus plant were obtained from callus selected for tolerance to cobalt chloride. 9 blackberry plants and 7 red raspberry plants were regenerated from the tissues selected for pesticide tolerance.

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The Development of Some Technology Elements of the Spring Wheat Cell Selection for Resistance to Abiotic Stresses

Abstract: Ключевые слова: яровая пшеница, клеточная селекция, осмотический стресс, ступенчатый отбор, мягкая и жесткая селекция, регенерант.

Cited by 3 publications

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Callus culture in vitro in the experimental evaluation of drought resistance in cereals (review)

Callus culture in vitro in the experimental evaluation of drought resistance in cereals (review)

Effects of nonspecific resistance in barley genotypes obtained by cell selection

Induction in vitro of adventitious morphogenesis in isolated tissues of the genus Rubus plants using cytokinins from adenine and diphenylurea groups

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