The development of the pathognomonic, left sensorimotor, and right sensorimotor scales for the Luria‐Nebraska neuropsychological battery — children's revision

Epidemiologic characteristics and sequelae of closed head‐injured children and adolescents: A review

“…When using the LNNB-C to discriminate brain-damaged children from normal children the Pathognomonic and the Left and Right Sensorimotor scales have been most effective (Sawicki, Leark, Golden, & Karras, 1984). However, measures of motor functioning and general neuropsychological abilities from the HRNB have served as the best discriminator of brain damaged from normal children (Nici & Reitan, 1986).…”

Diagnostic utility of the critical level formula and clinical summary scales of the luria‐nebraska Neuropsychological Battery‐Children's Revision with learning‐disabled children

“…Further, the items that make up the Pathognomonic scales were statistically selected and provide for maximum differentiation of brainimpaired from normal children. In a discriminant function analysis, the Pathognomonic scale contributed the most for predicting membership for two separate clinical groups: Group 1 was comprised of 125 normals and 76 brain-impaired, and Group 2 was comprised of 91 normals and 58 brainimpaired children (Sawicki et al, 1984). The overall classification rates were higher than previously reported by Wilkening et al (1981) and by Gustavson et al (1981).…”

“…Critical Level = 82.02 -(.14 X age in months) Scores were also calculated for the three clinical summary scales following the procedures reported by Sawicki et al (1984). The specific LNNB-C items that constitute the three clinical summary scales are the following: Pathognomonicscale-2, 3,17,35,65,79,118,127,128,131,146,and 149;4,43,45,47,49,51,53, and 57 (items involving the right hand and right side of body); Right Sensorimotor scale -2, 5,43,46,48, 50, 52, 54, and 57 (items involving the left hand and left side of body).…”

“…When the Pathognomonic and the Left Sensorimotor scales wee added to the 11 original scales, the following hit rates were reported: 96.7% for normals and 88.9% for brain-injured in Group 1 and 95.6% for normals and 79.3% for brain-injured in Group 2 (Sawicki et al, 1984). Sawicki et al (1984) concluded that diagnostic decisions can be made on the basis of (a) the number of scores above the critical level; (b) an elevated Pathognomonic scale (greater than the critical level); (c) qualitative analysis of error patterns, and (d) developmental history with information about medical, social, and emotional factors affecting the child.…”

“…Three additional clinical summary scales have been developed for the LNNB-C; they provide further information concerning the general neuropsychological status of children: (a) the Pathognomonic, (b) the Left Sensorimotor, and (c) the Right Sensorimotor scales (Sawicki, Leark, Golden, & Karras, 1984). Further, the items that make up the Pathognomonic scales were statistically selected and provide for maximum differentiation of brainimpaired from normal children.…”