The development of turbulence in the active medium of a fast-flow gas-discharge laser

Panchenko, V. Ya.; Zavalov, Yuri N.; Galushkin, M. G.; Grishaev, R. V.; Голубев, В. С.; Dubrov, V. D.

doi:10.1134/s1054660x0601004x

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…223-227;Riousset et al, 2010) in our estimates, since there is no experimental confirmation of such high values as α ≈ 2. Herein, we will use the term "ionization-heating instability," although this concept is called different terms in different scientific fields, including "thermal instability" (Nighan, 1977;Raizer, 1991), "ionization-overheating instability" (Panchenko et al, 2006), and "thermal ionizational instability" (da Silva & Pasko, 2012). i8.…”

Section: Experimental and Theoretical Basis Of The Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2)

2020

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Based on experimental results of recent years, this article presents a qualitative description of a possible mechanism (termed the Mechanism) covering the main stages of lightning initiation, starting before and including the initiating event, followed by the initial electric field change (IEC), followed by the first few initial breakdown pulses (IBPs). The Mechanism assumes initiation occurs in a region of~1 km 3 with average electric field E > 0.3 MV/(m•atm), which contains, because of turbulence, numerous small "E th volumes" of~10 −4-10 −3 m 3 with E ≥ 3 MV/(m•atm). The Mechanism allows for lightning initiation by either of two observed types of events: a high-power, very high frequency (VHF) event such as a Narrow Bipolar Event or a weak VHF event. According to the Mechanism, both types of initiating events are caused by a group of relativistic runaway electron avalanche particles (where the initial electrons are secondary particles of an extensive air shower) passing through many E th volumes, thereby causing the nearly simultaneous launching of many positive streamer flashes. Due to ionization-heating instability, unusual plasma formations (UPFs) appear along the streamers' trajectories. These UPFs combine into three-dimensional (3-D) networks of hot plasma channels during the IEC, resulting in its observed weak current flow. The subsequent development and combination of two (or more) of these 3-D networks of hot plasma channels then causes the first IBP. Each subsequent IBP is caused when another 3-D network of hot plasma channels combines with the chain of networks caused by earlier IBPs.

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Section: Experimental and Theoretical Basis Of The Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2)

2020

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“…Recently, the beam spreading and wander caused by terrestrial atmospheric turbulence, which induce scintillation and irradiance distribution [6,7] have become to be of great significance. Laser beams propagating through an atmospheric and turbulent ocean have attracted lots of attention [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Wu et al investigated the effects of coherence and polarization on the beam spreading and direction through atmospheric turbulence [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spreading and wandering of Gaussian–Schell model laser beams in an anisotropic turbulent ocean

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2016

Laser Phys.

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The effect of anisotropic turbulence on the spreading and wandering of Gaussian-Schell model (GSM) laser beams propagating in an ocean is studied. The long-term spreading of a GSM beam propagating through the paraxial channel of a turbulent ocean is also developed. Expressions of random wander for such laser beams are derived in an anisotropic turbulent ocean based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle. We investigate the influence of parameters in a turbulent ocean on the beam wander and spreading. Our results indicate that beam spreading and random beam wandering are smaller without considering the anisotropy of turbulence in the oceanic channel. Salinity fluctuation has a greater contribution to both the beam spreading and beam wander than that of temperature fluctuations in a turbulent ocean. Our results could be helpful for designing a free-space optical wireless communication system in an oceanic environment.

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Asymmetric wake from two closely located cylinders within the framework of one-dimensional model

Gembarzhevskii

Lednev

Osipenko

2018

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The development of turbulence in the active medium of a fast-flow gas-discharge laser

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2)

The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2)

Spreading and wandering of Gaussian–Schell model laser beams in an anisotropic turbulent ocean

Asymmetric wake from two closely located cylinders within the framework of one-dimensional model

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